Understanding the LMIA Process in Canada
The Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) process is a critical mechanism within Canada’s employment and immigration framework. It serves as a pathway for Canadian employers to hire foreign workers when local talent is unavailable. This article delves into the intricacies of the LMIA process, providing a clear understanding for both employers and potential foreign employees.
What is a Labour Market Impact Assessment?
A Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) is a document that an employer in Canada may need to get before hiring a foreign worker. A positive LMIA will show that there is a need for a foreign worker to fill the job. It will also show that no Canadian worker or permanent resident is available to do the job. A positive LMIA is sometimes called a confirmation letter. If the employer needs an LMIA, they must apply for one. Once an employer gets the LMIA, the worker can apply for a work permit. To apply for a work permit, a worker needs:
- A job offer letter
- A contract
- A copy of the LMIA
- The LMIA number
What is the LMIA Process?
The LMIA process is an essential procedure that Canadian employers must navigate when they wish to hire foreign workers. It ensures that hiring a foreign worker will not have a negative impact on the Canadian labor market. The process involves several steps:
Not all employers require an LMIA. It’s essential to determine if your situation necessitates one.
Some positions or regions may have restrictions or prohibitions.
Employers must ensure they offer a competitive wage to foreign workers, in line with Canadian standards for the role.
Based on the job type and wage, choose the correct LMIA stream.
This should be done for the prescribed period to ensure a fair chance for Canadian workers to apply.
This includes forms, proofs of recruitment efforts, a recruitment summary, and all other necessary documents.
Ensure you pay the $1,000 LMIA processing fee.
Keep detailed records of the results to demonstrate genuine efforts to recruit Canadain citizens or permanent residents.
This is a chance to clarify any details and answer questions about the application.
This will be either positive or negative.
If positive, this allows them to proceed with their work permit application.
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LMIA processing times
The processing times for LMIA applications can vary based on several factors. The number of applications received by the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) plays a significant role. However, employers can influence the processing time by:
- Ensuring the application is complete before submission.
- Making sure all required documents are signed by the signing authority.
- Responding promptly to any requests from Service Canada for additional information
Transition to online LMIA applications
Starting from April 3, 2023, the Temporary Foreign Worker Program transitioned to online LMIA applications. This move is aimed at streamlining the process and making it more efficient for employers. The LMIA Online Portal is a reliable and secure platform that offers various features:
- 24/7 access to submit LMIA applications.
- Ability to complete or return to an application before submission.
- Uploading of supporting documents.
- Secure payment of LMIA fees.
- Real-time updates on application status.
- Viewing of correspondence and decision letters from Service Canada.
- Review of previously submitted applications.
To access the portal, employers and third-party representatives must have a valid Job Bank account. This account is essential for authentication purposes.
Benefits of an Immigration Consultant for the LMIA process
Navigating the intricacies of the LMIA process can be daunting for many employers. While the process is designed to be comprehensive, it’s also layered with complexities that require a keen understanding of Canadian immigration rules and regulations. This is where the expertise of an immigration professional becomes invaluable. Here are some compelling reasons to consider hiring an immigration expert for the LMIA process:
- Deep Knowledge of the Process: Immigration experts are well-versed with the LMIA process, ensuring that all steps are followed correctly, and no details are overlooked.
- Time-Saving: With their experience, immigration professionals can streamline the process, helping employers save valuable time that can be better spent on other business operations.
- Avoid Costly Mistakes: A single error in the LMIA application can lead to delays or even rejections. An immigration expert ensures that all documentation is accurate, reducing the risk of costly mistakes.
- Stay Updated: Immigration rules and policies can change. Professionals in the field are always updated with the latest changes, ensuring that your application aligns with current regulations.
- Strategic Guidance: Beyond just filling out forms, immigration experts can provide strategic advice on how to position an application for a higher chance of success, especially in cases that might be more complex or unique.
- Peace of Mind: Knowing that a seasoned professional is handling the LMIA process provides employers with peace of mind, allowing them to focus on their core business activities.
Conclusion
The LMIA process is a testament to Canada’s commitment to ensuring a balanced labor market, where the needs of employers are met without compromising opportunities for Canadian citizens and permanent residents. While the process may seem intricate, it is designed to ensure fairness, transparency, and the overall well-being of the Canadian labor market.
Employers looking to navigate this process should be diligent, well-informed, and open to seeking expert advice when necessary. By understanding the LMIA process in its entirety, employers can make informed decisions that benefit both their organizations and the foreign workers they aim to hire.
Intra-Company Transfers to Canada
What is an Intra-Company Transfer?
An intra-company transfer involves relocating an employee from a foreign branch of a multinational corporation to a Canadian branch. This work permit allows eligible employees to work in Canada without requiring a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).
This guide offers an in-depth analysis of the procedures, requirements, and crucial information for employees and employers considering intra-company transfers to Canada. Familiarizing yourself with the necessary steps will ensure a seamless transition to your new work setting.
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Employee criteria
Intra-company transferees can apply for work permits under the general provision if they:
- Are presently employed by a multinational company and plan to work in a parent, subsidiary, branch, or affiliate of the enterprise;
- Will be transferring to a company with a qualifying relationship to their current employer and will work at a legitimate, ongoing establishment of the organization (using 18-24 months as a reasonable minimum guideline);
- Will be transferred to a role in an executive, senior managerial, or specialized knowledge capacity;
- Have been employed continuously (through payroll or direct contract) by the transferring company outside of Canada in a similar full-time position (not cumulative part-time) for at least one year within the three-year period immediately before the initial application.
Intra-Company Transfer Employee Roles
To qualify as an executive capacity position, the role must meet some or all of the following criteria:
To qualify as an executive capacity position, the role must meet some or all of the following criteria:
- Oversee the management of the organization or a significant component or function of the organization;
- Establish the objectives and policies of the organization, component, or function;
- Exercise considerable latitude in discretionary decision-making; and
- Receive only general supervision or direction from higher-level executives, the board of directors, or the organization's stockholders.
To qualify as a managerial capacity position, the role must meet some or all of the following criteria:
- Manage the organization, or a department, subdivision, function, or component of the organization;
- Oversee and direct the work of other supervisory, professional, or managerial employees, or manage an essential function within the organization, or a department or subdivision of the organization;
- Possess the authority to hire and fire or recommend such personnel actions (such as promotion and leave authorization); if no other employee is directly supervised, functions at a high level within the organization hierarchy or concerning the function managed; and
- Exercise discretion over the day-to-day operations of the activity or function for which the employee has authority.
To qualify as a specialized knowledge position, the role must require both proprietary knowledge and advanced expertise. These are defined through NAFTA as follows:
- Proprietary Knowledge: "Company-specific expertise related to a company's product or services. It implies that the company has not divulged specifications that would allow other companies to replicate the product or service."
- Advanced Expertise: "Specialized knowledge gained through significant (i.e., the longer the experience, the more likely the knowledge is indeed "specialized") and recent (i.e., within the last 5 years) experience with the organization and used by the individual to contribute substantially to the employer's productivity."
Employer eligibility criteria
For a successful intra-company transfer, the Canadian and foreign enterprises must demonstrate a qualifying relationship. This relationship is essential in determining the eligibility of both the employee and the company for the transfer process.
The foreign and Canadian enterprises must share a qualifying relationship, such as being a parent, subsidiary, branch, or affiliate.
Both companies need to be actively engaged in business, which entails regular and continuous involvement in providing goods or services. Simply having a physical location in Canada does not meet this requirement.
Work permit duration
Executives and managers: Initially granted a maximum of 3 years, except for office start-ups (1 year); 2-year extensions are permissible; the total duration of stay cannot exceed 7 years.
Specialized knowledge workers: Initially granted a maximum of 3 years, except for office start-ups (1 year); 2-year extensions are permissible; the total duration of stay cannot exceed 5 years.
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Application process
To apply for an intra-company transfer work permit, follow these steps:
Gather the required documentation
- Proof of employment at the foreign branch
- Job offer from the Canadian branch
- Evidence of the qualifying relationship between the branches
- Supporting documents demonstrating the employee's role and qualifications
Submit the application
Submit the application online or at a Canadian visa office outside Canada. In some cases, eligible applicants can apply at a Canadian port of entry.
Work permit
If approved, the employee will receive a work permit, which is typically valid for an initial period of one to three years, with the possibility of extension.
Transition to Permanent Residence
Intra-company transferees often have a favourable opportunity to obtain permanent residency in Canada if they choose to do so. As permanent residents, they can live and work anywhere within the country.
Since its inception in 2015, Canada’s Express Entry immigration system has been the primary pathway for economic immigration to the country. Intra-company transferees seeking to become permanent residents can acquire Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) points without needing a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA), making it easier for them to enhance their CRS score. Consequently, this increases their likelihood of receiving an invitation to apply for permanent residence.
Additionally, there may be alternative routes to achieve permanent residency outside of the Express Entry system, such as through one of the Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs).
In the long run, some individuals who start working in Canada as intra-company transferees might eventually become naturalized Canadian citizens. This milestone follows the acquisition of permanent residency.
Intra-Company Transfer F&Qs
There are no explicit language requirements for intra-company transfers to Canada. However, having proficiency in English or French can be beneficial for employees when adapting to their new work environment and the local community.
The government fees are around $250.
The costs associated with applying for an intra-company transfer work permit include processing fees, biometric fees (if applicable), and other possible expenses related to gathering required documentation. These costs can vary depending on the applicant’s specific circumstances and the Canadian government’s current fee structure.
The processing time for an intra-company transfer work permit application can vary depending on factors such as the applicant’s country of residence, the completeness of the application, and the Canadian visa office’s workload. On average, processing times can range from a few weeks to several months.
Yes, an employee’s spouse or common-law partner and dependent children can usually accompany them during an intra-company transfer to Canada. Family members may be eligible for open work permits or study permits, depending on their individual circumstances.
An intra-company transfer work permit is employer-specific, meaning that employees cannot change employers while on this type of work permit. If an employee wishes to change employers, they would need to apply for a new work permit, which may require a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) or be eligible for an LMIA-exempt work permit through a different program.
It is possible to change roles within the company during an intra-company transfer, provided that the new role still falls under the executive, managerial, or specialized knowledge categories. The employee may need to inform and seek approval from the relevant Canadian authorities for significant changes in their job duties.
Employees transferring to Canada through an intra-company transfer will generally become Canadian tax residents, which means they will be subject to Canadian income tax on their income. It is essential for employees to familiarize themselves with their tax obligations in Canada and their home country and consult a tax professional if necessary.
Yes, intra-company transferees with a valid work permit can apply for a Social Insurance Number (SIN) in Canada. A SIN is necessary for working in Canada and accessing certain government programs and benefits.
Intra-company transferees can only perform work related to their approved executive, managerial, or specialized knowledge capacity roles, as outlined in their work permit. They must not engage in work outside the scope of their approved roles without proper authorization.
When traveling to Canada, intra-company transferees should carry their valid work permit, passport, job offer letter from the Canadian employer, and any other relevant supporting documents, such as proof of their employment at the foreign branch.
Proof of Work Experience Express Entry: The Complete Guide
Navigating the Express Entry system for Canadian immigration can be a complex process. One of the most critical components for a successful application is proof of work experience.
Work experience is a key factor in the Express Entry Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS). The more skilled work experience you have, the higher your CRS score, increasing your chances of receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence in Canada. Ensuring your work experience is properly documented and verified is crucial for a successful application.
The National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 Version 1.0 has established six TEER categories which assess the level of training, education, experience, and responsibilities required for a particular job. If you’re planning to apply for the Canadian Experience Class or Federal Skilled Worker Class through Express Entry, your occupation must be classified under the TEER categories 0, 1, 2, or 3 in the NOC. This means that your occupation must have a certain level of skill and expertise to be considered for these immigration programs.
In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the steps to verify your work experience to ensure your Express Entry application has the best chance for success.
- Understanding the importance of proof of work experience
- Verifying proof of work experience
- Example reference letter
- Additional proof of work experience
- Employment in multiple positions or companies
- Self-employed or freelance work
- Translations and equivalencies
- Do I need to declare all my work experience for Express Entry?
- What if I'm unable to obtain a reference?
- Consequences of not providing proof of work experience
- Conclusion
Verifying proof of work experience | Express Entry
To verify your work experience, you will need to provide reference letters from your past and current employers. These letters must include the following information:
- Company letterhead
- Your job title and position
- Employment dates (start and end dates)
- Hours worked per week
- Main job duties and responsibilities
- Your employer's name, title, and contact information
Ensure that your reference letters are accurate, up-to-date, and on official company letterhead.
Additional proof of work experience
In addition to reference letters, you may need to provide other supporting documents. These could include:
- Pay stubs
- Employment contracts
- Tax documents (T4 etc)
- Promotion or salary increase letters
- Performance evaluations
Collect these documents as you prepare your Express Entry application to provide a comprehensive picture of your work experience.
Express Entry Ebook
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Employment in multiple positions or companies
If you have held multiple positions or worked for multiple companies, provide reference letters for each job. These letters should follow the same format and include all of the necessary information provided above.
Self-employed or freelance work
Self-employed or freelance work experience can also be considered for Express Entry, as long as it is skilled work. Provide reference letters from clients, contracts, invoices, and any relevant tax documentation to substantiate your work experience.
Translations and equivalencies
If your reference letters and other employment documents are not in English or French, you will need to provide certified translations. Also, if your job title differs significantly from the Canadian equivalent, explain the job duties and responsibilities in detail to demonstrate how they align with the NOC code you are claiming.
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Do I need to declare all my work experience for Express Entry?
While it is not mandatory to declare all your work experience for Express Entry, it is generally advisable to include as much relevant work experience as possible. This is because the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) takes into account your work experience when calculating your score. The more skilled work experience you have, the higher your CRS score, and the better your chances of receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence in Canada.
However, you should only include work experience that is relevant to the National Occupational Classification (NOC) code you are claiming. Work experience must be considered “skilled” to qualify for Express Entry, which means it must fall under the TEER categories 0, 1, 2, or 3 in the NOC.
What if I'm unable to obtain a proof of experience reference letter?
If getting a reference letter is not possible because the company has shut down, consider the following alternatives to provide evidence of your work experience:
- Termination or separation letter: This letter formally documents the end of your employment. It should be printed on company letterhead and include the dates of your employment at the company.
- Employment contracts: Employment contracts and agreements can help establish your work history.
- Reference letters: Former supervisors may have provided reference letters when they, or you, left the company. It is a good idea to request these letters when possible so that you can verify your employment later on.
- Pay stubs/direct deposit notifications: Old pay stubs or direct deposit notifications can demonstrate that you were on a company's payroll.
- Tax forms: If you no longer have old tax forms, such as a t4.
- Cover letter: include a cover letter explaining your circumstances and you can not get a reference letter from your employer
By gathering these documents, you can provide evidence of your work history even if a reference letter is unavailable.
Consequences of not providing proof of work experience
If you do not include a reference letter to confirm your employment history, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) may deem your application incomplete. After you submit your application for permanent residence, it undergoes a completeness check.
During this process, an immigration officer reviews your application to ensure that all required documents are provided and complete. If the officer determines that your application is incomplete, you will need to resubmit it. For Express Entry applicants, this could mean waiting to receive another Invitation to Apply (ITA).
Keep in mind that a personal affidavit attesting to your own work experience does not qualify as valid proof. If you submit a personal affidavit instead of appropriate evidence, the IRCC may still consider your application incomplete.
Conclusion
Successfully navigating the Express Entry system for Canadian immigration requires thorough preparation and attention to detail, particularly when it comes to proof of work experience for Express Entry. By following the guidelines in this comprehensive guide, you can ensure that your application is complete, accurate, and well-documented. By providing the necessary reference letters and supporting documents, you can demonstrate the relevance and validity of your work experience, thereby maximizing your CRS score and improving your chances of obtaining an Invitation to Apply for permanent residence in Canada.
In the event you face challenges obtaining a reference letter, such as a business closure, remember that alternative options and documentation are available to support your application. By being proactive and resourceful, you can overcome these obstacles and provide the necessary evidence for a strong Express Entry application.
Canadian Permanent Residence
Canada is known for its welcoming and inclusive culture, and it provides a range of permanent resident options for those seeking to live and work in the country permanently. Obtaining permanent residency has many benefits, such as access to government-subsidized healthcare, social services, and educational opportunities. It also allows for the eventual application for Canadian citizenship.
A permanent resident of Canada is a foreign national who has received permanent resident status, which allows them to live, work, and study in Canada on a permanent basis. Permanent residents are not Canadian citizens, but they have most of the same rights as citizens, including access to social benefits and protection under Canadian law. Temporary residents, such as students or foreign workers, are not considered permanent residents.
With a variety of programs available, we can help guide you in selecting the right one for your needs. Review the scenarios below to determine which option(s) may apply to you.
Economic immigration to Canada
Express Entry is a program that enables skilled foreign workers, tradespersons, and graduates with English and/or French proficiency to apply for permanent residency in Canada under one of the streams, namely, Canadian Experience Class, Federal Skilled Worker or Federal Skilled Trades.
The application undergoes a Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) evaluation, which assigns points based on education, work experience, and language proficiency. Candidates with higher CRS scores are selected from the Express Entry pool through regular draws for permanent residency.
The process takes 4-6 months and typically costs between $1,500 to $2,000 CAD.
The Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) offer a Canadian immigration option for those who wish to settle in a specific province and can contribute to the provincial economy.
PNP streams may favour individuals with prior connections to the province, such as work experience, study, or family ties, but some streams also accept applicants without such ties.
There are two types of PNP streams: enhanced and base. The former aligns with the Express Entry system, and a nomination certificate results in an additional 600 CRS points, guaranteeing an invitation to apply for immigration to Canada with a target processing time of six months or less.
The latter provides a pathway to permanent residency for individuals not eligible for Express Entry. PNPs involve a two-step process of applying to the province for a certificate, followed by an application to the federal government.
Advantages include the assurance of being wanted at the local level and additional CRS points. The cost and processing time vary by province and stream.
The Atlantic Immigration Pilot Program (AIPP) is intended for those with a job offer in any of the four Atlantic provinces, namely Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, or Newfoundland and Labrador.
AIPP comprises three sub-programs: the Atlantic High-Skilled Program, the Atlantic Intermediate-Skilled Program, and the Atlantic International Graduate Program. One of the main benefits of AIPP is that registered employers do not require a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) for the job offer to be valid, making the hiring process quicker for employers and applicants.
Employers must partner with a recognized settlement organization to help the applicant and their family settle in.
The cost of AIPP for a single applicant is $1,325, with $825 for the processing fee and $500 for the right of permanent residency fee.
IRCC aims to process AIPP applications within six months. It’s essential to note that applicants must have a job offer from a designated employer in one of the Atlantic provinces and intend to reside in their destination province.
The Entrepreneur Start-up Visa Program is ideal for entrepreneurs who possess the skills and potential to develop innovative businesses in Canada that can generate jobs and compete on a global scale.
Eligible entrepreneurs must obtain the support of a designated organization such as a venture capital fund, angel investor group, or business incubator. They must also satisfy the language requirements and demonstrate proof of settlement funds. It’s essential to note that securing the support of a designated organization doesn’t guarantee government support for the business idea. Successful candidates may qualify for a short-term work permit before applying for permanent residency, which necessitates active and ongoing business management in Canada, essential business operations in Canada, and business incorporation in Canada.
The support of a designated organization is a significant advantage of this program. The program costs $2,075 for the applicant, which includes a federal processing fee of $1,575 and a right of permanent residency fee of $500. Accompanying family members require an additional $225-$1,325, and the IRCC aims to process applications within 12-16 months.
Family Class immigration to Canada
The Family Class Sponsorship program reunites Canadian citizens and permanent residents with their spouses or common-law partners, enabling them to settle permanently in Canada.
The application requires sufficient proof of a legitimate relationship, and if not, IRCC may refuse the application. There are two routes to sponsorship: the Outland route for those outside Canada and the Inland route for those presently in Canada.
During processing, the sponsored person can obtain an open work permit if they are in Canada as a worker, student, or visitor.
The program costs $1,050 CAD, including a sponsorship fee of $75, a principal applicant processing fee of $475, and a right of permanent residency fee of $500.
The government aims to process applications within 12 months, which is generally achieved. It’s crucial to provide enough evidence of a genuine relationship to avoid refusal of the application.
The Parent and Grandparent Program enables non-Canadian parents and grandparents of Canadian citizens and permanent residents to immigrate to Canada.
The program works by periodically opening a window for potential sponsors to submit an online Interest to Sponsor form. After the submission period, some of these sponsors may be invited to submit a full application to sponsor their foreign parent(s) or grandparent(s) for immigration.
Once sponsored, the parents and grandparents will have the same privileges as Canadian permanent residents, such as working anywhere in Canada, access to public healthcare, and more. The cost of sponsorship is $1,050 per person, including a sponsorship fee of $75, a principal applicant processing fee of $475, and a right of permanent residence fee of $500. The processing time for applications is typically 20 to 24 months.
The Child Sponsorship Program is intended for foreign children of Canadian citizens and permanent residents who are under the age of 22, including adopted children.
IRCC accepts applications for the program continuously with no fixed intake periods or quotas. The eligibility is determined based on the familial relationship between the sponsor and the sponsored child. The program’s primary benefit is that it allows families to stay together, which is a crucial part of Canada’s immigration policy.
The cost of the program is $1,050, including a sponsorship fee of $75, a principal applicant processing fee of $475, and a right of permanent residence fee of $500. The processing time varies depending on the applicant’s location.
Quebec
Quebec immigration programs offer an opportunity for foreign nationals seeking to establish residency in Quebec, Canada.
The process begins by submitting an application to the Quebec government for a Quebec Selection Certificate (CSQ), which is a requirement for applying for permanent residency with the federal government.
The immigration programs in Quebec are specifically tailored to meet the demands of the Quebec labour market. The cost of applying for Quebec immigration programs varies and may include fees for the CSQ application, medical exams, and other evaluations or tests.
The processing time for Quebec immigration programs varies based on factors such as the specific program, the volume of applications received, and the demand for workers in the Quebec labour market. Additionally, applicants must have the necessary qualifications and demonstrate their ability to adapt to Quebec society, as well as their intention to reside in Quebec permanently. Proficiency in the French language may also be required for some programs.
Refugee and humanitarian
Refugees and individuals requiring protection from well-founded fears of persecution, torture or death in their home country may receive assistance to settle and integrate into Canadian society, such as language classes and employment support.
Refugee and humanitarian resettlement programs offer a pathway to permanent residency in Canada for people who need protection, and they may be sponsored by the government or private sponsors. Canada’s commitment to providing refuge and protection to those in need provides a safe and secure environment for people who are unable to return to their home country due to safety concerns.
The government sponsors the refugees at no cost to them, while private sponsors are responsible for covering the resettlement expenses, including living expenses for the first year. Processing times for refugee and humanitarian resettlement programs vary based on individual circumstances.
Permanent resident F and Qs
A Permanent Resident Card (PR card) is a document that shows that a person is a permanent resident of Canada.
A PR card is valid for five years.
Yes, a permanent resident can travel outside of Canada, but they must ensure that their PR card is valid and they must present it along with their passport when returning to Canada.
To maintain permanent resident status, a person must have been physically present in Canada for at least 730 days (2 years) in the last five years.
Yes, after meeting certain eligibility criteria, a permanent resident can apply for Canadian citizenship.
No, only Canadian citizens are allowed to vote in federal, provincial, or municipal elections.
Yes, a permanent resident can lose their status if they do not meet the residency requirement, or if they are convicted of a serious crime or if they become a Canadian citizen.
Yes, a permanent resident can sponsor certain family members for permanent residency, such as a spouse or dependent children.
CLB Calculator: Determine Your Score for Canadian Immigration
Embarking on a journey to immigrate to Canada involves various factors, and one crucial aspect is English language proficiency.
At Wild Mountain Immigration, we understand the significance of meeting the Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) requirements set by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
As an aspiring immigrant, having access to a reliable CLB calculator is essential for assessing your language proficiency accurately, whether you have taken the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program (CELPIP), Test de connaissance du français pour le Canada (TCF Canada), or Test d’évaluation de français pour le Canada (TEF Canada).
Our CLB calculator, designed specifically for IELTS, CELPIP, TCF Canada, and TEF Canada, simplifies the process of converting your language test scores into equivalent CLB levels. By utilizing this tool, you can determine your language proficiency and evaluate your eligibility for a wide range of immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs in Canada.
Our CLB calculator follows the official equivalency charts provided by IRCC, ensuring accurate results and a seamless user experience.
What are the Canadian Language Benchmarks?
The Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) are the standards used in Canada to describe, measure, and recognize the English language proficiency of adult immigrants and prospective immigrants for federal immigration programs. The CLB is a 12-point scale that ranges from Level 1 (basic knowledge) to Level 12 (near-native proficiency). The CLB is used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) and the provinces and territories to assess the language proficiency of applicants for immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs.
Express Entry Ebook
This comprehensive guide will tell you everything you need to know.
Find the CLB calculator you need
CELPIP to CLB calculator
If you have taken the Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program (CELPIP) test and are looking to convert your scores to the Canadian Language Benchmarks, you can use our CELPIP to CLB calculator.
The CELPIP to CLB (Canadian Language Benchmark) calculator is a tool used to convert scores from the Canadian English Language Proficiency Index Program (CELPIP) into the equivalent Canadian Language Benchmark levels. The CLB is used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) to evaluate the English language proficiency of individuals who are applying for immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs in Canada.
The CELPIP scores are used as evidence of English language proficiency and the equivalent CLB levels can help individuals determine their eligibility for various immigration programs. The calculator provides the equivalent CLB level based on the scores obtained in the CELPIP reading, writing, listening, and speaking components.
How to convert CELPIP to Canadian Language Benchmark?
Enter your CELPIP test scores into the calculator to determine your Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) score for each of the four key language competencies: Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking.
CELPIP to CLB calculator
| CLB Level | Reading | Writing | Listening | Speaking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
IELTS to CLB calculator
If you have taken the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) – General Training test and are looking to convert your scores to the Canadian Language Benchmarks, you can use our IELTS to CLB calculator.
The IELTS to CLB (Canadian Language Benchmark) calculator is a tool used to convert scores from the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) into the equivalent Canadian Language Benchmark levels. The CLB is used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) to evaluate the English language proficiency of individuals who are applying for immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs in Canada.
The IELTS scores are used as evidence of English language proficiency and the equivalent CLB levels can help individuals determine their eligibility for various immigration programs. The calculator provides the equivalent CLB level based on the scores obtained in the IELTS reading, writing, listening, and speaking components.
How to convert IELTS to Canadian Language Benchmark?
Enter your IELTS General Training test scores into the calculator to determine your Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) score for each of the four key language competencies: Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking.
IELTS to CLB calculator
| CLB Level | Reading | Writing | Listening | Speaking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 7.5 |
| 9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| 8 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 6.5 |
| 7 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
| 6 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| 5 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| 4 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
TEF to CLB calculator
If you have taken the Test d’évaluation de français pour le Canada (TEF Canada) and are looking to convert your scores to the Canadian Language Benchmarks, you can use our TEF Canada to CLB calculator.
The TEF Canada to CLB (Canadian Language Benchmark) calculator is a tool used to convert scores from the Test d’évaluation de français pour le Canada (TEF Canada) into the equivalent Canadian Language Benchmark levels. The CLB is used by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to evaluate the French language proficiency of individuals who are applying for immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs in Canada.
The TEF Canada scores are used as evidence of French language proficiency, and the equivalent CLB levels can help individuals determine their eligibility for various immigration programs. The calculator provides the equivalent CLB level based on the scores obtained in the TEF Canada reading, writing, listening, and speaking components.
How to convert TEF Canada to Canadian Language Benchmark?
Enter your TEF Canada test scores into the calculator to determine your Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) score for each of the four key language competencies: Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking.
TEF to CLB calculator
| CLB Level | Reading | Writing | Listening | Speaking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 263-300 | 393-450 | 316-360 | 393-450 |
| 9 | 248-262 | 371-392 | 298-315 | 371-392 |
| 8 | 233-247 | 349-370 | 280-297 | 349-370 |
| 7 | 207-232 | 310-348 | 249-279 | 310-348 |
| 6 | 181-206 | 271-309 | 217-248 | 271-309 |
| 5 | 151-180 | 226-270 | 181-216 | 226-270 |
| 4 | 121-150 | 181-225 | 145-180 | 181-225 |
TCF to CLB calculator
If you have taken the Test de connaissance du français pour le Canada (TCF Canada) and are looking to convert your scores to the Canadian Language Benchmarks, you can use our TCF Canada to CLB calculator.
The TCF Canada to CLB (Canadian Language Benchmark) calculator is a tool used to convert scores from the Test de connaissance du français pour le Canada (TCF Canada) into the equivalent Canadian Language Benchmark levels. The CLB is used by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to evaluate the French language proficiency of individuals who are applying for immigration, citizenship, and settlement programs in Canada.
The TCF Canada scores are used as evidence of French language proficiency, and the equivalent CLB levels can help individuals determine their eligibility for various immigration programs. The calculator provides the equivalent CLB level based on the scores obtained in the TCF Canada reading, writing, listening, and speaking components.
How to convert TCF Canada to Canadian Language Benchmark?
Enter your TCF Canada test scores into the calculator to determine your Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) score for each of the four key language competencies: Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking.
TCF to CLB calculator
| CLB Level | Reading | Writing | Listening | Speaking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 and above | 549-699 | 16-20 | 549-699 | 16-20 |
| 9 | 524-548 | 14-15 | 523-548 | 14-15 |
| 8 | 499-523 | 12-13 | 503-522 | 12-13 |
| 7 | 453-498 | 10-11 | 458-502 | 10-11 |
| 6 | 406-452 | 7-9 | 398-457 | 7-9 |
| 5 | 375-405 | 6 | 369-397 | 6 |
| 4 | 342-374 | 4-5 | 331-368 | 4-5 |
Express Entry Ebook
This comprehensive guide will tell you everything you need to know.
How to find your NOC code
Every occupation in the Canadian labour market has a code, called a National Occupational Classification (NOC) code. The Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada department (IRCC) uses these NOC codes to assess an immigration applicant’s work experience.
When applying for a work permit or immigration through the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada department (IRCC), all applicants are required to specify their corresponding National Occupational Classification (NOC) code.
Selecting the appropriate NOC code is crucial to avoid the rejection of your immigration application. Your work experience should align with the NOC’s lead statement and duties. Visa officers are knowledgeable about NOC, so be accurate in choosing the right code.
Some economic immigration streams are limited to applicants with experience in specific occupations. Therefore, it is crucial that you understand how to find your NOC code.
What is a NOC code?
In Canada, the government uses National Occupation Classification (NOC) codes to categorize and identify every type of job a person could hold in the country. The NOC system not only categorizes these jobs but also offers information about the duties, responsibilities, job titles, and required training for each occupation.
Each occupation in the NOC system is given a unique five-digit code known as the NOC code. These codes serve as a quick reference for various occupations, for instance, code 21231 is assigned to software engineers, and code 41220 is assigned to secondary school teachers. The NOC codes provide an efficient way to identify and understand different job roles in Canada.
What is the TEER system?
The TEER system is a component of the National Occupational Classification (NOC) used by the Canadian government to categorize various occupations. This system classifies jobs based on two key attributes, broad occupational categories and TEER categories.
The broad occupational categories are determined by the type of work performed, the industry in which the job is located, and the field of study required to enter that particular occupation. The first digit of the NOC code represents the broad occupational category, with different digits indicating different industries such as management (represented by the digit 0) or manufacturing and utilities (represented by the digit 9).
The TEER categories reflect the amount and type of training, education, experience, and responsibilities required for a specific job. This information is reflected in the second digit of the NOC code and provides insight into the qualifications and skills necessary for a particular occupation.
In the NOC 2021 Version 1.0, there are six TEER categories that take into account the level of training, education, experience, and responsibilities required for a job. To be eligible for Express Entry through the Canadian Experience Class or Federal Skilled Worker Class, the occupation must fall under the TEER categories 0, 1, 2, or 3 in the National Occupational Classification (NOC).
| TEER | Occupation types | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| TEER 0 | Management occupations | Advertising, marketing and public relations managers, Financial managers |
| TEER 1 | Occupations that usually require a university degree | Financial advisors and Software engineers |
| TEER 2 | Occupations that usually require a college diploma apprenticeship training of 2 or more years, or supervisory occupations | Computer network and web technicians, Medical laboratory technologists |
| TEER 3 | Occupations that usually require a college diploma apprenticeship training of less than 2 years, or more than 6 months of on-the-job training | Bakers, Dental assistants and dental laboratory assistants |
| TEER 4 | Occupations that usually require a high school diploma, or several weeks of on-the-job training | Home child care providers, Retail salespersons and visual merchandisers |
| TEER 5 | Occupations that usually need short-term work demonstration and no formal education | Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers, Delivery service drivers and door-to-door distributors |
Express Entry Ebook
This comprehensive guide will tell you everything you need to know.
How to find your NOC code
One of the most vital aspects of your immigration application is picking the right NOC code. If you claim a NOC code that doesn’t line up with your work experience, your application might get rejected. Every National Occupational Classification system code has a corresponding job title, lead statement, and list of primary duties and responsibilities.
The National Occupation Classification (NOC) code is determined by your work experience, rather than your job title. Your experience should match the lead statement and you should be able to complete most of the listed responsibilities and duties. Therefore, your work experience might fall under a few different NOC codes, or the code associated with your official job title might not correspond to your actual experience.
If your job duties fit more than one NOC code, you must decide which one is the best match for your experience.
Please also take note of the NOC exclusions. Even if your job seems to correspond with a certain NOC code, you can’t claim that occupation if it falls under one of the listed excluded codes.
Whichever NOC code you claim, you will need to prove that it is accurate by providing evidence from your past employers. Be aware that the visa officer reviewing your application is knowledgeable about the NOC matrix. If they believe your occupation would more accurately fit a different NOC code, they may decline to approve your application.
For a skilled job in regards to meeting the eligibility for Express Entry through the Canadian Experience Class or Federal Skilled Worker Class, you will need to have a job under TEER 0, 1, 2, or 3 of the National Occupational Classification (NOC) code.
Find your NOC code | Step by step guide
Follow the steps below on how to find your NOC code.
Step 1
Step 2
Choose version NOC 2021 Version 1.0
Type your job title and select “search“
Step 3
Select your job title.
A skilled job under Express Entry is TEER 0, 1, 2, or 3, which can be found under the TEER column.
Step 4
Ensure the main duties listed correspond with your job duties
Step 5
Then NOC code will be in the top left-hand corner before the job title and will be a 5-digit code. Copy it down.
NOC code list
This table is for your reference.
| Unit group | Broad occupational category | TEER |
|---|---|---|
| 00010 – Legislators | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 00011 – Senior government managers and officials | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 00012 – Senior managers - financial, communications and other business services | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 00013 – Senior managers - health, education, social and community services and membership organizations | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 00014 – Senior managers - trade, broadcasting and other services | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 00015 – Senior managers - construction, transportation, production and utilities | 0 – Legislative and senior management occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10010 – Financial managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10011 – Human resources managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10012 – Purchasing managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10019 – Other administrative services managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10020 – Insurance, real estate and financial brokerage managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10021 – Banking, credit and other investment managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10022 – Advertising, marketing and public relations managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10029 – Other business services managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 10030 – Telecommunication carriers managers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 20010 – Engineering managers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 20011 – Architecture and science managers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 20012 – Computer and information systems managers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 30010 – Managers in health care | 3 – Health occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40010 – Government managers - health and social policy development and program administration | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40011 – Government managers - economic analysis, policy development and program administration | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40012 – Government managers - education policy development and program administration | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40019 – Other managers in public administration | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40020 – Administrators - post-secondary education and vocational training | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40021 – School principals and administrators of elementary and secondary education | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40030 – Managers in social, community and correctional services | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40040 – Commissioned police officers and related occupations in public protection services | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40041 – Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 40042 – Commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 0 – Management occupations |
| 50010 – Library, archive, museum and art gallery managers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 0 – Management occupations |
| 50011 – Managers - publishing, motion pictures, broadcasting and performing arts | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 0 – Management occupations |
| 50012 – Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 0 – Management occupations |
| 60010 – Corporate sales managers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 60020 – Retail and wholesale trade managers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 60030 – Restaurant and food service managers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 60031 – Accommodation service managers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 60040 – Managers in customer and personal services | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 70010 – Construction managers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 70011 – Home building and renovation managers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 70012 – Facility operation and maintenance managers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 70020 – Managers in transportation | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 70021 – Postal and courier services managers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 80010 – Managers in natural resources production and fishing | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 80020 – Managers in agriculture | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 80021 – Managers in horticulture | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 80022 – Managers in aquaculture | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 0 – Management occupations |
| 90010 – Manufacturing managers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 0 – Management occupations |
| 90011 – Utilities managers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 0 – Management occupations |
| 11100 – Financial auditors and accountants | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11101 – Financial and investment analysts | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11102 – Financial advisors | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11103 – Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11109 – Other financial officers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11200 – Human resources professionals | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11201 – Professional occupations in business management consulting | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 11202 – Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21100 – Physicists and astronomers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21101 – Chemists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21102 – Geoscientists and oceanographers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21103 – Meteorologists and climatologists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21109 – Other professional occupations in physical sciences | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21110 – Biologists and related scientists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21111 – Forestry professionals | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21112 – Agricultural representatives, consultants and specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21120 – Public and environmental health and safety professionals | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21200 – Architects | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21201 – Landscape architects | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21202 – Urban and land use planners | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21203 – Land surveyors | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21210 – Mathematicians, statisticians and actuaries | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21211 – Data scientists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21220 – Cybersecurity specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21221 – Business systems specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21222 – Information systems specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21223 – Database analysts and data administrators | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21230 – Computer systems developers and programmers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21231 – Software engineers and designers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21232 – Software developers and programmers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21233 – Web designers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21234 – Web developers and programmers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21300 – Civil engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21301 – Mechanical engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21310 – Electrical and electronics engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21311 – Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21320 – Chemical engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21321 – Industrial and manufacturing engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21322 – Metallurgical and materials engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21330 – Mining engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21331 – Geological engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21332 – Petroleum engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21390 – Aerospace engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 21399 – Other professional engineers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31100 – Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31101 – Specialists in surgery | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31102 – General practitioners and family physicians | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31103 – Veterinarians | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31110 – Dentists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31111 – Optometrists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31112 – Audiologists and speech-language pathologists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31120 – Pharmacists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31121 – Dietitians and nutritionists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31200 – Psychologists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31201 – Chiropractors | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31202 – Physiotherapists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31203 – Occupational therapists | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31204 – Kinesiologists and other professional occupations in therapy and assessment | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31209 – Other professional occupations in health diagnosing and treating | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31300 – Nursing coordinators and supervisors | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31301 – Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31302 – Nurse practitioners | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 31303 – Physician assistants, midwives and allied health professionals | 3 – Health occupations | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41100 – Judges | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41101 – Lawyers and Quebec notaries | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41200 – University professors and lecturers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41201 – Post-secondary teaching and research assistants | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41210 – College and other vocational instructors | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41220 – Secondary school teachers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41221 – Elementary school and kindergarten teachers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41300 – Social workers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41301 – Therapists in counselling and related specialized therapies | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41302 – Religious leaders | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41310 – Police investigators and other investigative occupations | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41311 – Probation and parole officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41320 – Educational counsellors | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41321 – Career development practitioners and career counsellors (except education) | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41400 – Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41401 – Economists and economic policy researchers and analysts | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41402 – Business development officers and market researchers and analysts | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41403 – Social policy researchers, consultants and program officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41404 – Health policy researchers, consultants and program officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41405 – Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41406 – Recreation, sports and fitness policy researchers, consultants and program officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41407 – Program officers unique to government | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 41409 – Other professional occupations in social science | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51100 – Librarians | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51101 – Conservators and curators | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51102 – Archivists | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51110 – Editors | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51111 – Authors and writers (except technical) | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51112 – Technical writers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51113 – Journalists | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51114 – Translators, terminologists and interpreters | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51120 – Producers, directors, choreographers and related occupations | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51121 – Conductors, composers and arrangers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 51122 – Musicians and singers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 1 – Occupations usually require a university degree |
| 12010 – Supervisors, general office and administrative support workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12011 – Supervisors, finance and insurance office workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12012 – Supervisors, library, correspondence and related information workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12013 – Supervisors, supply chain, tracking and scheduling coordination occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12100 – Executive assistants | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12101 – Human resources and recruitment officers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12102 – Procurement and purchasing agents and officers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12103 – Conference and event planners | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12104 – Employment insurance and revenue officers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12110 – Court reporters, medical transcriptionists and related occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12111 – Health information management occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12112 – Records management technicians | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12113 – Statistical officers and related research support occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12200 – Accounting technicians and bookkeepers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12201 – Insurance adjusters and claims examiners | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12202 – Insurance underwriters | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 12203 – Assessors, business valuators and appraisers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22100 – Chemical technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22101 – Geological and mineral technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22110 – Biological technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22111 – Agricultural and fish products inspectors | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22112 – Forestry technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22113 – Conservation and fishery officers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22114 – Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22210 – Architectural technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22211 – Industrial designers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22212 – Drafting technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22213 – Land survey technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22214 – Technical occupations in geomatics and meteorology | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22220 – Computer network and web technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22221 – User support technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22222 – Information systems testing technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22230 – Non-destructive testers and inspectors | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22231 – Engineering inspectors and regulatory officers | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22232 – Occupational health and safety specialists | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22233 – Construction inspectors | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22300 – Civil engineering technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22301 – Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22302 – Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22303 – Construction estimators | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22310 – Electrical and electronics engineering technologists and technicians | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22311 – Electronic service technicians (household and business equipment) | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22312 – Industrial instrument technicians and mechanics | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 22313 – Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors | 2 – Natural and applied sciences and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32100 – Opticians | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32101 – Licensed practical nurses | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32102 – Paramedical occupations | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32103 – Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32104 – Animal health technologists and veterinary technicians | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32109 – Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32110 – Denturists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32111 – Dental hygienists and dental therapists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32112 – Dental technologists and technicians | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32120 – Medical laboratory technologists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32121 – Medical radiation technologists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32122 – Medical sonographers | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32123 – Cardiology technologists and electrophysiological diagnostic technologists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32124 – Pharmacy technicians | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32129 – Other medical technologists and technicians | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32200 – Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners and acupuncturists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32201 – Massage therapists | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 32209 – Other practitioners of natural healing | 3 – Health occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42100 – Police officers (except commissioned) | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42101 – Firefighters | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42102 – Specialized members of the Canadian Armed Forces | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42200 – Paralegals and related occupations | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42201 – Social and community service workers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42202 – Early childhood educators and assistants | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42203 – Instructors of persons with disabilities | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 42204 – Religion workers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52100 – Library and public archive technicians | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52110 – Film and video camera operators | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52111 – Graphic arts technicians | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52112 – Broadcast technicians | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52113 – Audio and video recording technicians | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52114 – Announcers and other broadcasters | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52119 – Other technical and coordinating occupations in motion pictures, broadcasting and the performing arts | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52120 – Graphic designers and illustrators | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 52121 – Interior designers and interior decorators | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62010 – Retail sales supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62020 – Food service supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62021 – Executive housekeepers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62022 – Accommodation, travel, tourism and related services supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62023 – Customer and information services supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62024 – Cleaning supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62029 – Other services supervisors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62100 – Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62101 – Retail and wholesale buyers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62200 – Chefs | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62201 – Funeral directors and embalmers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 62202 – Jewellers, jewellery and watch repairers and related occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72010 – Contractors and supervisors, machining, metal forming, shaping and erecting trades and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72011 – Contractors and supervisors, electrical trades and telecommunications occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72012 – Contractors and supervisors, pipefitting trades | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72013 – Contractors and supervisors, carpentry trades | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72014 – Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72020 – Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72021 – Contractors and supervisors, heavy equipment operator crews | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72022 – Supervisors, printing and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72023 – Supervisors, railway transport operations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72024 – Supervisors, motor transport and other ground transit operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72025 – Supervisors, mail and message distribution occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72100 – Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72101 – Tool and die makers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72102 – Sheet metal workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72103 – Boilermakers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72104 – Structural metal and platework fabricators and fitters | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72105 – Ironworkers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72106 – Welders and related machine operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72200 – Electricians (except industrial and power system) | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72201 – Industrial electricians | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72202 – Power system electricians | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72203 – Electrical power line and cable workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72204 – Telecommunications line and cable installers and repairers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72205 – Telecommunications equipment installation and cable television service technicians | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72300 – Plumbers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72301 – Steamfitters, pipefitters and sprinkler system installers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72302 – Gas fitters | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72310 – Carpenters | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72311 – Cabinetmakers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72320 – Bricklayers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72321 – Insulators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72400 – Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72401 – Heavy-duty equipment mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72402 – Heating, refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72403 – Railway carmen/women | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72404 – Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72405 – Machine fitters | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72406 – Elevator constructors and mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72410 – Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72411 – Auto body collision, refinishing and glass technicians and damage repair estimators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72420 – Oil and solid fuel heating mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72421 – Appliance servicers and repairers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72422 – Electrical mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72423 – Motorcycle, all-terrain vehicle and other related mechanics | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72429 – Other small engine and small equipment repairers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72500 – Crane operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72501 – Water well drillers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72600 – Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72601 – Air traffic controllers and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72602 – Deck officers, water transport | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72603 – Engineer officers, water transport | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72604 – Railway traffic controllers and marine traffic regulators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 72999 – Other technical trades and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 82010 – Supervisors, logging and forestry | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 82020 – Supervisors, mining and quarrying | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 82021 – Contractors and supervisors, oil and gas drilling and services | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 82030 – Agricultural service contractors and farm supervisors | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 82031 – Contractors and supervisors, landscaping, grounds maintenance and horticulture services | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92010 – Supervisors, mineral and metal processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92011 – Supervisors, petroleum, gas and chemical processing and utilities | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92012 – Supervisors, food and beverage processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92013 – Supervisors, plastic and rubber products manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92014 – Supervisors, forest products processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92015 – Supervisors, textile, fabric, fur and leather products processing and manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92020 – Supervisors, motor vehicle assembling | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92021 – Supervisors, electronics and electrical products manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92022 – Supervisors, furniture and fixtures manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92023 – Supervisors, other mechanical and metal products manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92024 – Supervisors, other products manufacturing and assembly | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92100 – Power engineers and power systems operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 92101 – Water and waste treatment plant operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 2 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of two or more years; or supervisory occupations |
| 13100 – Administrative officers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13101 – Property administrators | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13102 – Payroll administrators | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13110 – Administrative assistants | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13111 – Legal administrative assistants | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13112 – Medical administrative assistants | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13200 – Customs, ship and other brokers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 13201 – Production and transportation logistics coordinators | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 33100 – Dental assistants and dental laboratory assistants | 3 – Health occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 33101 – Medical laboratory assistants and related technical occupations | 3 – Health occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 33102 – Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates | 3 – Health occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 33103 – Pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants | 3 – Health occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 33109 – Other assisting occupations in support of health services | 3 – Health occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43100 – Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43109 – Other instructors | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43200 – Sheriffs and bailiffs | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43201 – Correctional service officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43202 – By-law enforcement and other regulatory officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43203 – Border services, customs, and immigration officers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 43204 – Operations Members of the Canadian Armed Forces | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53100 – Registrars, restorers, interpreters and other occupations related to museum and art galleries | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53110 – Photographers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53111 – Motion pictures, broadcasting, photography and performing arts assistants and operators | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53120 – Dancers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53121 – Actors, comedians and circus performers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53122 – Painters, sculptors and other visual artists | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53123 – Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53124 – Artisans and craftspersons | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53125 – Patternmakers - textile, leather and fur products | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53200 – Athletes | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53201 – Coaches | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 53202 – Sports officials and referees | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63100 – Insurance agents and brokers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63101 – Real estate agents and salespersons | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63102 – Financial sales representatives | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63200 – Cooks | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63201 – Butchers - retail and wholesale | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63202 – Bakers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63210 – Hairstylists and barbers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63211 – Estheticians, electrologists and related occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63220 – Shoe repairers and shoemakers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 63221 – Upholsterers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73100 – Concrete finishers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73101 – Tilesetters | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73102 – Plasterers, drywall installers and finishers and lathers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73110 – Roofers and shinglers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73111 – Glaziers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73112 – Painters and decorators (except interior decorators) | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73113 – Floor covering installers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73200 – Residential and commercial installers and servicers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73201 – General building maintenance workers and building superintendents | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73202 – Pest controllers and fumigators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73209 – Other repairers and servicers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73300 – Transport truck drivers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73301 – Bus drivers, subway operators and other transit operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73310 – Railway and yard locomotive engineers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73311 – Railway conductors and brakemen/women | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73400 – Heavy equipment operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73401 – Printing press operators | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 73402 – Drillers and blasters - surface mining, quarrying and construction | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 83100 – Underground production and development miners | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 83101 – Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 83110 – Logging machinery operators | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 83120 – Fishing masters and officers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 83121 – Fishermen/women | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 93100 – Central control and process operators, mineral and metal processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 93101 – Central control and process operators, petroleum, gas and chemical processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 93102 – Pulping, papermaking and coating control operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 93200 – Aircraft assemblers and aircraft assembly inspectors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 3 – Occupations usually require a college diploma or apprenticeship training of less than two years; or more than six months of on-the-job training |
| 14100 – General office support workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14101 – Receptionists | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14102 – Personnel clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14103 – Court clerks and related court services occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14110 – Survey interviewers and statistical clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14111 – Data entry clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14112 – Desktop publishing operators and related occupations | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14200 – Accounting and related clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14201 – Banking, insurance and other financial clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14202 – Collection clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14300 – Library assistants and clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14301 – Correspondence, publication and regulatory clerks | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14400 – Shippers and receivers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14401 – Storekeepers and partspersons | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14402 – Production logistics workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14403 – Purchasing and inventory control workers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14404 – Dispatchers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 14405 – Transportation route and crew schedulers | 1 – Business, finance and administration occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 44100 – Home child care providers | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 44101 – Home support workers, caregivers and related occupations | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 44200 – Primary combat members of the Canadian Armed Forces | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 54100 – Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64100 – Retail salespersons and visual merchandisers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64101 – Sales and account representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64200 – Tailors, dressmakers, furriers and milliners | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64201 – Image, social and other personal consultants | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64300 – Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64301 – Bartenders | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64310 – Travel counsellors | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64311 – Pursers and flight attendants | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64312 – Airline ticket and service agents | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64313 – Ground and water transport ticket agents, cargo service representatives and related clerks | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64314 – Hotel front desk clerks | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64320 – Tour and travel guides | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64321 – Casino workers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64322 – Outdoor sport and recreational guides | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64400 – Customer services representatives - financial institutions | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64401 – Postal services representatives | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64409 – Other customer and information services representatives | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 64410 – Security guards and related security service occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74100 – Mail and parcel sorters and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74101 – Letter carriers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74102 – Couriers and messengers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74200 – Railway yard and track maintenance workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74201 – Water transport deck and engine room crew | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74202 – Air transport ramp attendants | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74203 – Automotive and heavy truck and equipment parts installers and servicers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74204 – Utility maintenance workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 74205 – Public works maintenance equipment operators and related workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84100 – Underground mine service and support workers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84101 – Oil and gas well drilling and related workers and services operators | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84110 – Chain saw and skidder operators | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84111 – Silviculture and forestry workers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84120 – Specialized livestock workers and farm machinery operators | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 84121 – Fishing vessel deckhands | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94100 – Machine operators, mineral and metal processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94101 – Foundry workers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94102 – Glass forming and finishing machine operators and glass cutters | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94103 – Concrete, clay and stone forming operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94104 – Inspectors and testers, mineral and metal processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94105 – Metalworking and forging machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94106 – Machining tool operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94107 – Machine operators of other metal products | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94110 – Chemical plant machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94111 – Plastics processing machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94112 – Rubber processing machine operators and related workers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94120 – Sawmill machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94121 – Pulp mill, papermaking and finishing machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94122 – Paper converting machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94123 – Lumber graders and other wood processing inspectors and graders | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94124 – Woodworking machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94129 – Other wood processing machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94130 – Textile fibre and yarn, hide and pelt processing machine operators and workers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94131 – Weavers, knitters and other fabric making occupations | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94132 – Industrial sewing machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94133 – Inspectors and graders, textile, fabric, fur and leather products manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94140 – Process control and machine operators, food and beverage processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94141 – Industrial butchers and meat cutters, poultry preparers and related workers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94142 – Fish and seafood plant workers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94143 – Testers and graders, food and beverage processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94150 – Plateless printing equipment operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94151 – Camera, platemaking and other prepress occupations | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94152 – Binding and finishing machine operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94153 – Photographic and film processors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94200 – Motor vehicle assemblers, inspectors and testers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94201 – Electronics assemblers, fabricators, inspectors and testers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94202 – Assemblers and inspectors, electrical appliance, apparatus and equipment manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94203 – Assemblers, fabricators and inspectors, industrial electrical motors and transformers | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94204 – Mechanical assemblers and inspectors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94205 – Machine operators and inspectors, electrical apparatus manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94210 – Furniture and fixture assemblers, finishers, refinishers and inspectors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94211 – Assemblers and inspectors of other wood products | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94212 – Plastic products assemblers, finishers and inspectors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94213 – Industrial painters, coaters and metal finishing process operators | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 94219 – Other products assemblers, finishers and inspectors | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 4 – Occupations usually require a secondary school diploma; or several weeks of on-the-job training |
| 45100 – Student monitors, crossing guards and related occupations | 4 – Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 55109 – Other performers | 5 – Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65100 – Cashiers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65101 – Service station attendants | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65102 – Store shelf stockers, clerks and order fillers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65109 – Other sales related occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65200 – Food and beverage servers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65201 – Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65202 – Meat cutters and fishmongers – retail and wholesale | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65210 – Support occupations in accommodation, travel and facilities set-up services | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65211 – Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65220 – Pet groomers and animal care workers | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65229 – Other support occupations in personal services | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65310 – Light duty cleaners | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65311 – Specialized cleaners | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65312 – Janitors, caretakers and heavy-duty cleaners | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65320 – Dry cleaning, laundry and related occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 65329 – Other service support occupations | 6 – Sales and service occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75100 – Longshore workers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75101 – Material handlers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75110 – Construction trades helpers and labourers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75119 – Other trades helpers and labourers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75200 – Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75201 – Delivery service drivers and door-to-door distributors | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75210 – Boat and cable ferry operators and related occupations | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75211 – Railway and motor transport labourers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 75212 – Public works and maintenance labourers | 7 – Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85100 – Livestock labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85101 – Harvesting labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85102 – Aquaculture and marine harvest labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85103 – Nursery and greenhouse labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85104 – Trappers and hunters | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85110 – Mine labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85111 – Oil and gas drilling, servicing and related labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85120 – Logging and forestry labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 85121 – Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers | 8 – Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95100 – Labourers in mineral and metal processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95101 – Labourers in metal fabrication | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95102 – Labourers in chemical products processing and utilities | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95103 – Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95104 – Labourers in rubber and plastic products manufacturing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95105 – Labourers in textile processing and cutting | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95106 – Labourers in food and beverage processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95107 – Labourers in fish and seafood processing | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
| 95109 – Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities | 9 – Occupations in manufacturing and utilities | 5 – Occupations usually require short-term work demonstration and no formal education |
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A deeper look into NOC codes
The NOC system follows a hierarchical structure, which enables the collection, dissemination, and analysis of data in a standardized and organized manner. Each number or digit in the system has a specific significance, and each level of the hierarchy provides increasing levels of detail. The following provides a description of the hierarchical levels of the classification, starting with the most detailed and progressing to the most aggregated.
Here is a description of each level of the hierarchy:
Broad Categories (first digit) – The Broad Category represents the occupational categorization, which is defined by the type of work performed, the field of study, or the industry of employment. There are 10 Broad Categories in NOC 2021 Version 1.0
TEER Categories (second digit) – The TEER Category represents the necessary training, education, experience, and responsibilities required for an occupation. There are 6 TEER Categories in NOC 2021 Version 1.0.
Major Groups (first and second digits) – The Major Group is represented by the combination of the Broad Category and the TEER Category, and encompasses several sub-major groups. There are 45 Major Groups in NOC 2021 Version 1.0.
Sub-major Groups (3-digit) – The Sub-major Group represents the aggregation of several minor groups and is represented by the three-digit code used by the NOC. There are 89 Sub-major Groups in NOC 2021 Version 1.0.
Minor Groups (4-digit) – The Minor Group represents the occupational domain in which the occupation is carried out, and is an aggregation of several unit groups. There are 162 Minor Groups in NOC 2021 Version 1.0.
Unit Groups (5-digit) – The Unit Group is the most detailed level of the classification and represents one or several occupations combined together within the NOC. There are 516 Unit Groups in NOC 2021 Version 1.0.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the National Occupational Classification (NOC) code is a critical component of the Canadian immigration system, which is used to categorize and identify every type of job in the country. It is essential to understand how to find the right NOC code to ensure that your immigration application is accurate and successful.
The TEER system, which is a component of the NOC, categorizes jobs based on their level of training, education, experience, and responsibilities. To be eligible for Express Entry through the Canadian Experience Class or Federal Skilled Worker Class, the occupation must fall under the TEER categories 0, 1, 2, or 3.
Our Canadian immigration consulting services can help you navigate this process, ensure that you have the correct NOC code, and provide guidance throughout your immigration journey.
Exploring the LMIA Permanent Resident Stream in Canada
An employer in Canada may need to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) before employing foreign workers.
A positive LMIA will show that a foreign worker is indeed needed to fill the role and no Canadian citizens or permanent residents are available for the job.
An employer that needs an LMIA must apply for one.
After the employer gets an LMIA, the employee can then apply for a work permit.
Table of contents
Don’t let the complexities of the LMIA process hold you back from hiring foreign workers.
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Permanent Resident Stream overview
The Federal Government of Canada believes that international workers can help businesses meet their labour demands when Canadians and permanent residents are unable to do so. The government supports foreign workers with skillsets in order to help them establish economically in Canada, as well as assist business employers who are experiencing shortages of skilled labourers.
If you want to hire a skilled foreign worker and support their permanent resident visa application, you can make them a job offer through the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) Express Entry system. Job offers must adhere to the conditions of one of the economic immigration programs. These programs are:
Programs
In order to apply, the employer must be offering a job that:
- jobs that require high levels of skill, such as management, professional, scientific, technical or trade occupations. National Occupational Classification (NOC), skill type 0, and skill levels A and B
- full-time (a minimum of 30 hours of work per week)
- for at least 1 year, and
- a non-seasonal position
Note: The foreign worker must have at least 12 months of full-time (or an equivalent amount in part-time) skilled work experience in Canada within the 36 months preceding the application for permanent residence under the Canadian Experience Class.
In order to apply, the employer must be offering a job that:
- jobs that require high levels of skill, such as management, professional, scientific, technical or trade occupations. National Occupational Classification (NOC), skill type 0, and skill levels A and B
- full-time (a minimum of 30 hours of work per week)
- for at least 1 year, and
- a non-seasonal position
In order to apply, the employer must be offering a job that:
- an eligible skilled trade or technical occupation (NOC skill level B)
- full-time (a minimum of 30 hours of work per week)
- for at least 1 year
Note: The employment offer can be made by up to two employers under the FSTP.
Employers who want to hire skilled foreign workers through on of the immigration programs above may also want to temporarily hire these workers while their application for permanent residence is being processed. As a result, employers may obtain a dual intent Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) by paying the processing fee. These LMIA’s that have dual intent be used to support the foreign national’s application for a:
- permanent resident visa, and
- temporary work permit
Employers applying for an LMIA to hire high-wage positions can request an employment period of up to 3 years. The duration of the employment must be consistent with the employer’s legitimate business demands. (High-wage positions include the High-wage Stream including caregiver positions, Global Talent Stream, Agricultural Stream and Express Entry). In exceptional cases, the duration may be extended for a period of time that is acceptable to the employer and justifiable given the circumstances.
Low-wage positions will be eligible for 2 years of employment, subject to the legitimate demands of the employer.
Program requirements
Processing fee
Employers must pay $1,000 per position to cover the cost of processing a dual intent LMIA application.
Individuals or families wanting to hire a foreign caregiver to provide home care for people requiring assistance are exempt from paying the Labour Market Impact Assessment application processing fee. The processing fee exemption is available to families or individuals with a gross annual income of $150,000 or less who want to hire a foreign caretaker to provide childcare in their home for a youngster under the age of 13.
The processing fee also does not apply to:
Recruitment fees
There are may be a number of expenses and expenditures incurred throughout the process of recruiting temporary foreign workers, including but not limited to:
- the cost of using a third-party representative
- advertising fees
- fees for finding or securing work for a foreign national
- employer-paid fees for help or guidance when hiring foreign nationals
As an employer, you are legally required to confirm that neither you nor anyone else recruiting on your behalf charges or recovers any recruitment fees from the qualified foreign worker. If you do not follow this, your LMIA application will be denied.
Language of work
When employers post job advertisements or apply for an LMIA, they can only request that English and French be spoken. However, if the position requires a different language, you must provide a justification with your application.
There are some exemptions to the language requirement.
Education, training and experience
Employers are responsible for ensuring that foreign workers have the required training, qualifications and experience to do their jobs.
Health insurance
If you live in a province/territory where this is applicable, you must get and pay for private health insurance that covers emergency medical care for any period during which the TFW is not covered by the applicable health insurance system.
The employer-purchased coverage must match the TFW’s first day of work in Canada, and the costs cannot be taken from the employee.
To comply, the employer must provide proof of payment for suitable private health insurance for each TFW and the terms of the policy coverage (for example, what is covered).
Regulated occupations
Employers hiring foreign workers in regulated positions must make arrangements with the appropriate regulatory body for the certification, registration, or licensing of those skilled workers.
A “regulated” profession is one in which a professional or regulatory body has the power to establish entry requirements and standards of practice that lead to certification or registration, as well as licensing (for example, skilled trade positions that must be certified).
It is the employer’s and employee’s responsibility to gather all necessary documents in order to work in Canada. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) must be confident that the skilled worker can do the task they have been offered before issuing a work permit.
The IRCC will check that the skilled worker has any required certification or licensing to practice their occupation in Canada, which is regulated. If the applicant is not certified or licensed, IRCC will check whether the applicant is likely to qualify for certification when in Canada, before issuing a work permit.
Business legitimacy
All Canadian employers who apply to the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) must include documents with their Labour Market Impact Assessment application that prove both the business and job offer are legitimate.
Union consultation
Although it is not necessary, if the job being filled by a foreign worker is organized, employers are advised to:
- attempt to recruit unemployed Canadians and permanent residents, by working closely with union representatives
- the employer should discuss with the union whether or not they are okay with hiring a foreigner for the open position.
- verify that the conditions of the collective agreement (for example, wages, working conditions) will apply to the foreign worker.
Employment agreement
A complete and signed employment agreement does not need to be submitted during the LMIA process, but you must agree to give one to each foreign worker before their first day of work.
An employment agreement must:
- The employment information provided must be for the same occupation, with equivalent wages and working conditions as those specified in the offer of employment;
- The foreign worker's preferred language, whether it is English or French and
- Both the employer and the foreign employee must sign the contract.
Employers must keep thorough employment records to show that they complied with the employment agreement for the entire time of the employee’s work.
Please visit the website of the MIFI (Ministry of Immigration, Francization and Integration) for additional details about employment contracts for positions in Quebec.
Paid third-party representatives
Individuals who represent or assist employers for compensation must be authorized under section 91 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA), which implies they must be a member in good standing with one of the following:
- a Canadian provincial/territorial law society, or a student-at-law being supervised by it;
- the Cchambre des notaires du Québec;
- the Province of Ontario’s law society as a paralegal; or
- the Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council (ICCRC).
Employers should verify that a specific representative is certified to represent them or give immigration advice at Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
You can find information about Unpaid third-party representatives.
Recruiters
Depending on the location, there may be different rules that regulate recruiters and recruitment It is your responsibility to ensure you comply with those requirements. You are also responsible for the activities of anyone who works on your behalf as an employer.
New employers
Employers who have not employed a temporary foreign worker in the past 6 years will be subject to a review when submitting a LMIA application. The employer must show that they made a genuine effort to provide a workplace free of abuse and that they weren’t associated with another employer who is ineligible for the TFW Program or in debt of any amount due for an administrative monetary penalty.
Learn what is meant by a workplace that is free of abuse.
Struggling to find employees in Canada?
Finding the right employees to support the growth and success of your business in Canada can be a real challenge. At Wild Mountain Immigration, we understand this struggle and can help you navigate it.
Wages, working conditions and occupations
A temporary foreign worker (TFW) must be paid:
- the foreign worker must be paid the prevailing wage for their occupation and work location, or higher, or
- a wage that is comparable to what they are paying other employees in the same job and work location, if this rate is higher than the prevailing wage
Refer to the median hourly wages published on Job Bank to determine the prevailing wage.
Learn more about the Step-by-step process to determine the prevailing wage of the position.
Unionized positions
Employers who are hiring foreign workers for positions that are part of a union must offer the same advertisement and wage rates as those established under the collective agreement. The collective bargaining agreement will establish the rules of the workplace, including:
- wages
- benefits, and
- hours of work
Employers must provide similar terms and conditions to these non-Canadians as they do to Canadians, and they must also submit a copy of the collective bargaining agreement with their LMIA application to ESDC/Service Canada.
Working conditions
A foreign worker’s exploitation is considered a violation of Canadian law and human rights. Employers must:
- workers must be compensated for all work, including overtime if it is legally required.
- provide safety insurance at your place of business
- offer the same benefits to TFWs as other workers
- not take the TFWs’ identification
The majority of occupations are governed by provincial and territorial legislation that covers labor and employment standards such as: hours worked, working conditions, and termination of employment. Every province and territory has a Ministry of Labour that can provide information to assist employers.
Occupations
Employers can’t force temporary foreign workers to do work for which they were not hired or trained. For example, an employer who wants to hire a foreign worker as a carpenter cannot instead give them the duties of a janitor.
Recruitment and advertisement
Employers must engage in recruiting efforts to find Canadians and permanent residents before employing foreign workers.
Employers who pay a temporary foreign worker (TFW) a wage that is:
- below the provincial/territorial median hourly wage must meet the Advertisement and Recruitment requirements of the Stream for Low-wage positions;
- at or above the provincial/territorial median hourly wage must meet the Advertisement and Recruitment requirements of the Stream for High-wage positions.
Don’t let the complexities of the LMIA process hold you back from hiring foreign workers.
Let's get started
Apply for a Labour Market Impact Assessment
Employers who wish to hire foreign workers must submit an LMIA application and all necessary supporting documents to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC)/Service Canada.
In short, by hiring a foreign worker, Canadian employers are asking for an opinion on how it would affect Canada’s job market. Therefore, is it critical that businesses follow every step and submit all needed documents.
Apply via LMIA Online portal
You need a Job Bank user account to log in and access LMIA Online. If you’re an employer, you may also need a third-party account for authentication purposes.
Complete your one-time registration in Job Bank for Employers by clicking on the link below and following the instructions.“Don’t have an account? Sign up now.” button.
It will take around 10 minutes to complete the registration procedure.
After you create your Job Bank account(s), you can complete an LMIA application on the LMIA Online Portal.
Steps after receiving a Positive LMIA
After the LMIA application is approved, the employer will receive an approval letter. This positive LMIA will be valid for 18 months from the date of issue.
The letter will not include the names of the temporary foreign workers for privacy reasons. The names of the workers will appear in Annex B, which is only for employer records and not required to be shared with potential employees when applying for a work permit.
The positive LMIA letter supports both the skilled worker’s application to IRCC for a:
The employer’s responsibilities after they’ve received a positive LMIA include:
- sending a copy of this letter and Annex A to the foreign worker
- ask the foreign national to apply for a permanent residency visa to immigrate to Canada, or/and for a work permit. The foreign worker must attach the following documents to the application: a signed job
- offer from both the employer and employee, as well as an LMIA letter and Annex A.
LMIA Agricultural Stream
Before you hire foreign workers, an employer in Canada may need to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).
A positive LMIA shows that a foreign worker is required to fill the position. This will show that no citizens or permanent residents in Canada can fill the vacancy.
If an employer required a LMIA, they must submit an application for one.
After the employer obtains an LMIA, the employee can apply for a work permit.
Table of contents
Agricultural Stream overview
Employers may hire Temporary Foreign Workers (TFWs) in the Agricultural Stream if Canadian and permanent residents are not available.
To be eligible for this stream, employers must meet these two criteria:
- production must be in specific commodity sectors, and
- the activity must be related to on-farm primary agriculture
National commodity sectors
- Apiary products
- Fruits, vegetables (including canning/processing of these products if grown on the farm)
- Mushrooms
- Flowers
- Nursery-grown trees including Christmas trees, greenhouses/nurseries
- Pedigreed canola seed
- Seed corn
- Grains
- Oil seeds
- Maple syrup
- Sod
- Tobacco
- Bovine
- Dairy
- Duck
- Horse
- Mink
- Poultry
- Sheep
- Swine
On-farm primary agriculture
Primary agriculture is any work that involves:
- performed within a farm, nursery or greenhouse
- be consistent with one of these National Occupational Classification codes: 0821, 0822, 8252, 8255, 8431, 8432, and 8611
- involve at least one activity, such as:
- operation of agricultural machinery
- boarding, care, breeding, sanitation or other handling of animals, other than fish, for the purpose of obtaining raw animal products for market
- collection, handling and assessment of those raw products, or the planting, care, harvesting or preparation of crops, trees, sod or other plants for market
Employers who apply for an Agricultural Stream LMIA can request an employment duration of 2 years.
An employment period of up to 2 years applies to low-wage jobs, with the employer’s reasonable job requirements determining the length.
Employers applying for an Agricultural Stream LMIA for a high-wage job may request an employment duration of up to 3 years. The employer’s reasonable employment demands must be satisfied by the employee’s employment duration.
Program requirements
Processing fee
The LMIA processing fee does not apply to occupations related to primary agriculture and positions under the National Occupational Classification codes: 0821, 0822, 8252, 8255, 8431, 8432, and 8611
Transportation
Employers are responsible for paying for the round-trip transportation costs (for example, plane, train, boat, car, bus). These fees must be paid up-front by the employer to avoid being included in any discussions about the employment contract. This procedure helps safeguard TFWs who may be offered alternative travel arrangements in exchange for a job offer.
Employers must maintain records (such as invoices, receipts, flight itineraries, tickets, boarding passes) for a minimum of 6 years documenting all travel expenses paid. Employers may need this information as supporting documentation when applying for a subsequent LMIA or if they are randomly selected for an inspection.
Note: An employer cannot recover the transportation costs from a TFW under any circumstances.
Day-to-day transportation
Employers must provide free transportation to and from the on-site/offsite housing location to the work site for TFWs, as required.
Housing
Employers must offer TFWs with decent, appropriate, and low-cost housing as defined by the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation. The housing can be either on-farm, like a bunkhouse, or off-site in a commercial establishment. Employers must not allow more people to occupy an accommodation than the maximum occupancy permitted.
They must also ensure that sufficient housing will be made available for all TFWs per approved accommodations, from the date of arrival to departure.
Employers supplying:
On-farm housing
- The TFW's employer can deduct no more than $30 per week (pro-rated for partial weeks) from the employee's wages unless Provincial/Territorial Labour Standards limit this deduction to a lower amount.
Off-site housing - lower-skilled workers
- The TFW's employer can deduct no more than $30 per week (pro-rated for partial weeks) from the employee's wages unless Provincial/Territorial Labour Standards limit this deduction to a lower amount.
Off-site housing - higher-skilled workers
- The TFW's rent should not exceed 30% of their gross monthly earnings.
If there are multiple TFWs living in a home that is leased or owned by the employer, the employer must calculate the rent at market rate. The rent should be shared equally among all TFWs.
Note: The TFW is not required to stay in the workplace’s housing and may elect to depart for private accommodation if desired. The departure date, on the other hand, may need to be notified to the employer or business institution in advance by the TFW.
Housing inspection
Employers that wish to house workers on farms or at remote locations must produce evidence of inspection by the appropriate provincial, territorial, or municipal government agency, or a valid private inspector with appropriate certification. If the official housing inspection report does not have a standard form, employers must make sure that Schedule F – Housing inspection report seasonal agricultural worker program and agricultural stream is used to report the results of the inspection.
If you cannot meet the requirements for the housing inspection report, your LMIA application will be considered incomplete.
While a housing inspection report marked “pass with conditions” can still be used to processing an LMIA application, no decision will be made until the employer provides proof that all issues on the report have been resolved.
Employers are responsible for any labor or inspection fees that may be incurred as a result of the housing being examined. Employers are not allowed to recover these costs from the TFW under any circumstances.
If you need more information about the housing inspection. You can find it here.
Health insurance
Employers must cover the costs of health insurance for their employees. The TFW’s health insurance coverage must start from the moment they arrive in Canada until they are enrolled in a provincial or territorial health care plan. The waiting period for each province or territory’s health insurance is available on the Ministry of Health’s websites. The TFW’s private insurance must be comparable to the territorial/provincial health coverage plan.
Note: The TFW is prohibited from reimbursing the employer for health insurance premiums under any circumstances.
Workplace safety
Employers must always verify that the TFWs they seek to hire under the TFW Program are covered by their province’s or territory’s workplace safety insurance provider, as required by law. Employers who operate in provinces/territories where the provincial/territorial legislation allows them to select a private insurance plan must comply with the following conditions:
- that the private health insurance plan you choose gives the same coverage as what is offered by your province or territory
- that all employees on the worksite have the same health insurance provider
Employers looking for a private insurance plan equivalency should contact the provincial or territorial workplace safety authority.
The employer’s insurance coverage must match the TFWs’ first day of work in Canada, and the costs associated with this insurance cannot be charged to the employees.
Pesticides and chemical use
Employers who use pesticides or other hazardous chemicals must follow provincial/territorial regulations. Workers must be informed of pesticide and chemical applications, as well as given the following:
- free protective equipment
- appropriate formal and informal training
- supervision where required by law
Employment contract
An employment contract must be prepared and signed by the employer. If any disagreements or problems should come up between the employer and the temporary foreign worker, this contract will serve as a resolution guide. If the employer and employee cannot resolve the conflict, they may contact their provincial or territorial Ministry of Labour.
Business legitimacy
As part of the application for a Labour Market Impact Assessment, all employers seeking to hire through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program must provide documentation demonstrating that their business and job offer are legitimate.
Paid representatives
In order to represent or assist employers in exchange for compensation, individuals must be authorized under section 91 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA). This means they have to be a member who is currently in good standing with one of the following:
- a Canadian provincial/territorial law society, or a student-at-law under its supervision
- the Chambre des notaires du Québec
- the Province of Ontario’s law society as a paralegal
- the Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council (ICCRC)
To confirm that a specific individual is able to represent you or provide immigration advice, employers should visit Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
Wages, working conditions and occupations
You must offer temporary foreign workers the same compensation and benefits as Canadian and permanent resident employees working in the same occupation. Furthermore, any temporary foreign worker in a union must receive the wage set under the bargain agreement.
If you want to bring in foreign non-livestock high-skilled workers, you must check the Streams for High-wage or Low-wage positions to determine the wage.
You must agree to review and adjust the wage of the temporary foreign worker to ensure it meets or exceeds, at all times, the wage rates outlined in the wage tables, or applicable federal/provincial/territorial minimum wage rates, whichever is higher.
Wages by agricultural commodity
Click on the commodity to see the wage table.
- apiary products
- fruits, vegetables (including canning/processing of these products if grown on the farm)
- mushrooms
- flowers
- nursery-grown trees including Christmas trees, greenhouses/nurseries
- pedigreed canola seed
- seed corn
- grains
- oil seeds
- maple syrup
- sod
- tobacco
- bovine
- dairy
- duck
- horse
- mink
- poultry
- sheep
- swine
Recruitment and advertisement
Starting January 12, 2022 and continuing until June 30, 2023, Employment and Social Development Canada will not impose minimum advertising requirements on employers applying for a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) to employ foreign temporary workers in primary agriculture.
Employers do not need to follow the Temporary Foreign Worker Program’s minimum advertising requirements or submit documentation supporting their application when applying for a Labour Market Impact Assessment.
Apply for a Labour Market Impact Assessment
Employers who want to hire a temporary foreign worker under the Agricultural Stream must submit an application for a Labour Market Impact Assessment along with all required supporting documentation to Employment and Social Development Canada/Service Canada.
Employers submit evidence of how a TFW would impact the Canadian job market in order to receive an assessment. You need to apply with all of the applicable submitting documentation. It is critical that employers take all the required steps and submit any needed documentation, and that all supporting documents submitted are filled out correctly.
Apply via LMIA Online portal
You need a Job Bank user account to log in and access LMIA Online. If you’re an employer, you may also need a third-party account for authentication purposes.
Complete your one-time registration in Job Bank for Employers by clicking on the link below and following the instructions.“Don’t have an account? Sign up now.” button.
It will take around 10 minutes to complete the registration procedure.
After you create your Job Bank account(s), you can complete an LMIA application on the LMIA Online Portal.
Steps after receiving a Positive LMIA
The employer will be notified of the LMIA application’s approval in a letter. This positive LMIA will be valid for 18 months from the date of issue.
The letter will not include the names of the TFWs for privacy reasons.It includes information on the job offer, such as pay, working conditions, and employment categories.The names of the workers will appear in Annex B, which is only for employer records and not to be shared with potential employees as it not required when applying for a work permit.
After the employer obtains a positive LMIA letter, they are responsible for:
- sending a copy of this letter, as well as the employment agreement, signed by the employer, to the TFW.
- ask the TFW to apply to IRCC for a work permit. With the work permit application, the TFW must include a copy of both the positive LMIA letter and employment contract that has been signed by both employer and employee.
High wage LMIA | Guide for Hiring in Canada
Before employing a foreign worker in Canada, an employer may be required to submit a labour market impact assessment (LMIA).
An LMIA is a confirmation that a foreign worker is needed to fill the position. This will show that there are no workers or permanent residents in Canada who are capable of doing the task.
The employer must submit an application for a LMIA if one is required.
After the employer applies and is approved for an LMIA, the worker can then apply for a work permit.
The wage offered for the position will determine which stream to apply for, either the high-wage stream or the low-wage stream. Each stream has different requirements that must be met.
If you are offering a wage to a temporary foreign worker that is:
- at or above the provincial or territorial median hourly wage, you must apply under the High Wage LMIA.
- below the provincial or territorial median hourly wage, you must apply under the for Low Wage LMIA.
| Province/Territory | Median hourly wages prior to April 30, 2022 | Median hourly wages as of April 30, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Alberta | $27.28 | $28.85 |
| British Columbia | $25.00 | $26.44 |
| Manitoba | $21.60 | $23.00 |
| New Brunswick | $20.12 | $21.79 |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | $23.00 | $24.29 |
| Northwest Territories | $34.36 | $37.30 |
| Nova Scotia | $20.00 | $22.00 |
| Nunavut | $32.00 | $36.00 |
| Ontario | $24.04 | $26.06 |
| Prince Edward Island | $20.00 | $21.63 |
| Quebec | $23.08 | $25.00 |
| Saskatchewan | $24.55 | $25.96 |
| Yukon | $30.00 | $32.00 |
High wage LMIA requirements
Below are the requirements when applying for a High Wage LMIA.
Business legitimacy
To apply for the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP), employers need to include proof with their Labour Market Impact Assessment application that both their business and job offer are legitimate.
Don’t let the complexities of the LMIA process hold you back from hiring foreign workers.
Let's get started
High Wage LMIA Transition plan
A Transition Plan is necessary to hire temporary foreign workers in high-wage positions, and it must be valid for the entirety of their employment. This plan outlines the actions you’ll take to recruit, retain, and train Canadians and permanent residents, as well as reduce your reliance on the Temporary Foreign Worker Program.
If you’ve never created a Transition Plan before, you must do so as directed in the relevant part of the Labour Market Impact Assessment form for high-wage jobs.
If you are reapplying for a Labour Market Impact Assessment and have already fulfilled similar commitments in an earlier Transition plan, you must update the results of your previous Transition plan.
There are some Transition plan exemptions.
Wages
Temporary foreign workers under the hig wage stream should be paid the same wage as Canadian and permanent resident employees employed for the same position, working in the same place, with similar abilities and experience.
For the purposes of the Temporary Foreign Worker Program, you must pay a wage that is equivalent to the highest of either:
- the median wage on Job Bank
- the wage that is within the wage range that you are paying your current citizen or permanent resident employees hired for the same job and work location, and with the same skills and years of experience
The wage rate being offered only considers guaranteed wages, which does not include:
- overtime hours
- tips
- benefits
- profit sharing
- bonuses
- commissions
- other forms of compensation
There are some variations to the wage requirements.
Job duties
Employers seeking foreign workers, with a positive Labour Market Impact Assessment, can only do jobs that relate to the occupation they were originally hired for.
High Wage LMIA Recruitment
To recruit from the Canadian labour market, you must first try to hire Canadians and permanent residents and prove your recruitment efforts to ESDC.
Minimum recruitment requirements
Before applying for a Labour Market Impact Assessment, you must complete at least three different recruitment activities:
- You're required to post your ads on the Government of Canada's Job Bank. If you opt for another method, you must submit a written explanation for your decision
- You should also conduct at least two additional methods of recruitment that are consistent with the profession and skills. Residents of any province or territory should be able to access one of the methods, which must be national in scope and readily available to people in high-wage jobs.
Job advertisement duration
You must ensure that the job advertisement:
- occurred within the 3 months before submitting the Labour Market Impact Assessment application
- minimum of 4 consecutive weeks within the 3 months prior to submitting a Labour Market Impact Assessment application
At least 1 of the 3 recruitment activities must be ongoing until a positive or negative Labour Market Impacts Assessment has been made.
Struggling to find employees in Canada?
Finding the right employees to support the growth and success of your business in Canada can be a real challenge. At Wild Mountain Immigration, we understand this struggle and can help you navigate it.
Workplace safety
The temporary foreign workers you want to hire for your business must be covered by a provincial or territorial workplace safety insurance provider, where required by law.
If employers are allowed to choose a private health insurance plan under provincial or territorial law, you must make sure that:
- a private plan provides the same or better level of compensation as that offered by a province or territory
- all employees on the worksite have access to the same health care provider
The insurance you purchased must cover the first day of work for temporary foreign workers in Canada and must not be paid for by them.
Language of work
The only languages you can identify as a job requirement in your Labour Market Impact Assessment application and job advertisement are English or French. If you cannot perform the job without speaking another language, you must explain why on the application.
There are some exemptions that have no language requirement.
High Wage LMIA Processing fee
It costs $1,000 to process each Labour Market Impact Assessment application.
Individuals or families who wish to employ a foreign caregiver to do home care for individuals requiring medical assistance are exempt from having to pay the Labour Market Impact Assessment application processing fee.
Families or individuals with a gross annual income of $150,000 or less who want to employ a foreign caregiver to provide child care in their home to a kid under the age of 13 qualify for the processing fee exemption.
Low Wage LMIA | Guide for hiring in Canada
An employer in Canada may need to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) before hiring a foreign worker.
A positive LMIA will demonstrate that a foreign worker is necessary to fill the job opening. This will also demonstrate that there are no workers or permanent residents in Canada who can do the job.
The employer must submit an application for a LMIA if one is required.
After the employer gets an LMIA, the worker can apply for a work permit.
The wage offered for the position will determine which stream to apply for, either the high-wage stream or the low-wage stream. Each stream has different requirements that must be met.
If you are offering a wage to a temporary foreign worker that is:
- at or above the provincial or territorial median hourly wage, you must apply under the Stream for high wage positions
- below the provincial or territorial median hourly wage, you must apply under the Low Wage LMIA
| Province/Territory | Median hourly wages prior to April 30, 2022 | Median hourly wages as of April 30, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Alberta | $27.28 | $28.85 |
| British Columbia | $25.00 | $26.44 |
| Manitoba | $21.60 | $23.00 |
| New Brunswick | $20.12 | $21.79 |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | $23.00 | $24.29 |
| Northwest Territories | $34.36 | $37.30 |
| Nova Scotia | $20.00 | $22.00 |
| Nunavut | $32.00 | $36.00 |
| Ontario | $24.04 | $26.06 |
| Prince Edward Island | $20.00 | $21.63 |
| Quebec | $23.08 | $25.00 |
| Saskatchewan | $24.55 | $25.96 |
| Yukon | $30.00 | $32.00 |
Low wage LMIA requirements
Below are the requirements when applying for the low wage temporary foreign workers stream:
Don’t let the complexities of the LMIA process hold you back from hiring foreign workers.
Let's get started
Low Wage LMIA Business legitimacy
Employers applying to the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) must submit proof of their business legitimacy by providing documentation with their Labour Market Impact Assessment application.
Cap
As of April 30, 2022, you are limited to employing only 20% of your workforce for low-wage positions at a specific location. This cap is in place to ensure that Canadian or permanent residents take precedence for available employment.
There are some industries that are eligible for a cap limit of 30%.
You must complete the Cap for a low-wage position section of the Labour Market Impact Assessment application to determine if you are within the proportion of temporary foreign workers that you can hire in in low-wage positions at a specific work location.
There are some exemptions to the cap.
Low Wage LMIA Wages
Wages offered to low wage foreign workers on a temporary basis should be similar to those paid to Canadian and permanent employees who are hired for the same job, work in the same location, and have comparable skillsets and experience.
You must pay the prevailing wage which is defined as the highest of either:
- the median wage on Job Bank
- The rate that is within the wage range you are paying your existing employees performing the same task and working in the same location, with comparable skills and years of expertise
Job duties
Employers seeking foreign workers, with a positive Labour Market Impact Assessment, can only do jobs that relate to the occupation they were originally hired for.
Low Wage LMIA Recruitment
Before hiring a temporary foreign worker, you must make efforts to recruit from the Canadian labour market which includes Canadian citizens and permanent residents.
Minimum recruitment requirements
You must perform at least three distinct recruitment activities before applying for a Labour Market Impact Assessment:
- You're required to post your ads on the Government of Canada's Job Bank. If you opt for another method, you must submit a written explanation for your decision
- You should also conduct at least two additional methods of recruitment that are consistent with the profession and skills. The methods used must also target a different, underrepresented group: Indigenous persons, vulnerable youth, newcomers, and persons with disabilities.
Job advertisement duration
You must ensure that the job advertisement:
- occurred within the 3 months before submitting the Labour Market Impact Assessment application
- minimum of 4 consecutive weeks within the 3 months prior to submitting a Labour Market Impact Assessment application
At least 1 of the 3 recruitment activities must be ongoing until a positive or negative Labour Market Impacts Assessment has been made.
Struggling to find employees in Canada?
Finding the right employees to support the growth and success of your business in Canada can be a real challenge. At Wild Mountain Immigration, we understand this struggle and can help you navigate it.
Low Wage LMIA Housing
If you plan to employ a temporary foreign worker, you must first ensure that housing accommodations are suitable and affordable.
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation definitions are used to determine the suitability and affordability of housing:
- suitable housing: "does not require any major repairs, according to residents. Major repairs include those to defective plumbing or electrical wiring, or structural repairs to walls, floors or ceilings"
- affordable housing: "costs less than 30% of the temporary foreign worker’s before-tax income. Shelter costs include, rent (or mortgage payment) and any payments for electricity, fuel, water and other municipal services"
Transportation
The employer is responsible for the expenses related to temporary foreign workers travel, both coming to and leaving Canada.
The temporary foreign workers must not be charged for the travel expenses.
Healthcare
You need to make sure that the foreign workers you want to hire for low-wage positions have private, provincial or territorial health insurance coverage from their first day in Canada.
If provincial or territorial health care is not an option, you must purchase equivalent private health insurance for foreign workers until they are eligible for the provincial/territorial plan.
Workplace safety
You must make certain that the temporary foreign workers you want to employ through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program are covered by their province or territory’s workplace safety insurance provider, where required by law.
If employers are allowed to choose a private insurance plan under provincial or territorial law, you must make sure that:
- a private plan provides the same or better level of compensation as that offered by a province or territory
- all employees on the worksite have access to the same health care provider
The insurance you purchased must cover the first day of work for temporary foreign workers in Canada and must not be paid for by them.
Language of work
The only languages you can identify as a job requirement in your Labour Market Impact Assessment application and job advertisement are English or French. If you cannot perform the job without speaking another language, you must explain why on the application.
There are some exemptions that have no language requirement.
Employment contract
To ensure that all parties are aware of their rights and obligations, an employment contract must be prepared and signed by you and the temporary foreign worker. Prior to arriving in Canada, the foreign national must sign the document.
Low Wage LMIA fee
It costs $1,000 to process each Labour Market Impact Assessment application.
Individuals or families who wish to employ a foreign caregiver to do home care for individuals requiring medical assistance are exempt from having to pay the Labour Market Impact Assessment application processing fee.
Families or individuals with a gross annual income of $150,000 or less who want to employ a foreign caregiver to provide child care in their home to a kid under the age of 13 qualify for the processing fee exemption.
How to prove LMIA business legitimacy
When applying for a work permit, employers must demonstrate that they have met all the requirements of the Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) process. One of these requirements is to show that the both the business and job offer is genuine and that there is a need to hire temporary foreign workers in order to fill these positions. Here are some tips on how to prove LMIA business legitimacy when it comes to federal and provincial laws regulating employment.
The Labour Market Impact Assessment application and accompanying additional supporting documents must be carefully assessed by IRCC in order to confirm that your business:
- has no past compliance issues
- can fulfill all of the terms of the job offer
- is providing a good or a service in Canada
- is offering employment that is consistent with the needs of your business
You must first ensure that you have no previous regulatory breaches with federal or provincial laws in regard to labour regulations or the hiring of staff. If you have had issues with compliance in the past, it will be noted and could negatively affect your application.
So, how do you prove LMIA business legitimacy?
Are you ready to get started, or not sure which option is best for you?
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Canada Revenue Agency documents
To protect their employees’ personal information, especially Social Insurance Numbers, from theft and misuse, employers must take measures to secure this data. If you’re submitting CRA documents as part of your Labour Market Impact Assessment application package (you must submit your most recent CRA documents), make sure all social insurance numbers are redacted or blacked out.
Ability to fulfill terms of the job offer
If you have received a positive LMIA decision in the previous two years and your most recent LMIA approval was positive, you are not required to supply supporting documents proving your capacity to fulfill the conditions of the job offer while submitting an LMIA application.
If you have not received a positive LMIA decision in the past two years to which your most recent decision was positive one, you will need to demonstrate that you can fulfill the demands of the employment offer, you must submit one of the following documents:
- T2 Schedule 100 Balance sheet information and T2 Schedule 125 Income statement information
- T2042 Statement of farming activities (redact social insurance number)
- T2125 Statement of business or professional activities (redact social insurance number)
- T3010 Registered charity information return
- T4 or payroll records for a minimum of 6 weeks immediately prior to the submission of this LMIA application, if the temporary foreign worker already works for you (redact social insurance number)
- an attestation confirming that your business is in good financial standing and will be able to meet all financial obligations to any temporary foreign worker you hire for the entire duration of their employment
- if you are a foreign employer without a Canada Revenue Agency number whose business address and operation is outside of Canada, you may submit your contract or invoice for the goods or services that you are providing in Canada
For all trucking applications:
Regardless of your previous involvement with the Temporary Foreign Worker Program, if you are applying for trucking jobs using an LMIA, you must submit the following documents with your application:
- Current copy of your carrier profile / public profile document
- National safety certificate number, and
- Current fleet insurance
For all private household employers:
You must submit your most recent Canada Revenue Agency notice of assessment (NOA) and documentation demonstrating that you have more than the low-income cut-off (LICO) calculated by Statistics Canada if you are a family or private household hiring a TFW.
(If you cannot submit your most recent Notice of Assessment (NOA) due to an extenuating circumstance, you may provide a rationale for why your application should still be considered).
Are you ready to get started, or not sure which option is best for you?
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Proof of providing a good or service
If you have received a positive LMIA decision in the previous two years and your most recent LMIA decision was positive, you are not required to provide evidence that you are running a business in Canada that provides a good or service.
Other Businesses: To prove that you have a legal business that provides a product or service in Canada, you must submit one of the following documents:
- municipal/provincial/territorial business license(valid, i.e. not expired)
- T4 Summary of remuneration paid
- PD7A Statement of account for current source deductions
- an attestation confirming that you are engaged in a legal business that provides a good or a service in Canada where an employee could work and a description of the main business activity. Permanent residency stream only, confirmation that the business has been operating for at least one year must also be included in the attestation.
- if you are a foreign employer without a Canada Revenue Agency number whose business address and operation is outside of Canada, you may submit your contract or invoice for the goods or services that you are providing in Canada
- a copy of the Coasting Trade letter of authority issued by the Canada Border Services Agency for positions onboard a foreign vessels undertaking coastal trade in Canadian waters
If you wish to hire a foreign worker with particular skill sets to help support their application for permanent residence for Canadian immigration, you must be able to provide evidence that your business has been running for no less than one year. Please note that this does not apply if you are hiring for positions based in Quebec.
Proof of address
All private household employers regardless of your history with the TFW Program
- Caregiver Positions: If the employer and care recipient live at different addresses, then proof of the care recipient’s address (i.e. where the foreign national will work) must be given. Employers located at the same address as the care recipient are not required to provide proof of residence.
- Non-Caregiver Positions: If you need a foreign national to work out of your home (i.e., the workplace where the individual will carry out his or her duties), and you do not offer a service or product, proof of address is required.
Proof of Address can come in many forms, such as a driver’s license, utility bill, provincial/territorial identification card, bank statement, CRA notice of assessment or a statement of other government benefits such as CPP, OAS or GIS.
Attestations
If you choose to provide an attestation, these must be prepared by either:
- A lawyer or any other member in good standing with a legal law society
- a Chartered Professional Accountant who is in good standing with their professional body (attestations from Chartered Accountants in Quebec are not authorized by the Ordre des comptables professionnels agréés du Québec)
Conclusion
Although the process of obtaining a LMIA is more complex than some other visa options, it can be well worth the effort for businesses that want to ensure their legitimacy and protect their Canadian workforce. By following all of the necessary steps and taking care in compiling your application package, you can give yourself the best chance of success in securing an LMIA for your business.
We hope our post on how to prove LMIA business legitimacy was helpful. If you have any questions about the process or would like help putting together your application, please contact us – we’re here to help!
What is maintained status?
In Canada, maintained status, previously known as implied status, is when a temporary resident wants to extend their status in Canada before the expiry date of their visa. The applicant may lawfully remain in Canada under the terms of their previous status until a decision is reached on the new application.
Your current application to visit, work or study in Canada is kept active until the government decides on your new application.
Maintained status can let you continue working in Canada if you have already been working in Canada on a work permit, or if you are continuing your studies in Canada on a study permit. Or, if you held visitor status at the time you applied for an extension in Canada, you may be able to remain as a visitor if you held visitor status at the time you applied for an extension or change of temporary status in Canada.
Here is a list of common questions that we have answered regarding maintained status in Canada:
- How can maintained status help you stay in Canada
- How do I get maintained status
- When to apply for maintained status
- How to apply for maintained status
- Does work experience gained on implied status count towards PR
- Is my implied status automatic after I submit a PR application
- What are the risks of not maintaining your status
- What happens if I leave Canada on maintained status
How can maintained status help you stay in Canada
Maintained status can help you stay in Canada by extending your temporary resident visa. The benefits of maintaining your status are that you can continue to work in Canada if you have already been working on a work permit, or if you are continuing your studies in Canada on a study permit. Maintained status can also help you stay in Canada by extending your visitor visa. You must apply for maintained status before your temporary residency expires.
How do I get maintained status
You must be a visitor, student, or worker in Canada to obtain maintained status. Then, before your current permit expires, you must apply for an extension or a fresh permit. You may be automatically given maintained status in such a case; you do not need to apply for it separately.
When to apply for maintained status
If you are in Canada and your temporary residency is about to expire, you may be able to apply for maintained status to extend your stay in Canada. You must apply for maintained status before your temporary residency expires.
How to apply for maintained status
If you hold a temporary resident status that is about to expire, you may be able to apply for maintained status to extend your stay in Canada. You must apply for maintained status before your temporary residency expires. To apply for maintained status, you will need to submit an application to the government of Canada.
Does work experience gained on implied status count towards PR
Yes - even if a worker's application for a work permit extension is rejected, any relevant work performed until the day of the refusal counts toward their PR application eligibility.
Is my implied status automatic after I submit a PR application
No – even if you applied for permanent residency through Express Entry or you have submitted a sponsorship application, you do not automatically acquire implied status in Canada.
In order to keep temporary legal status in Canada, residents must file an application to extend their stay, whether they have applied for permanent residence or not. Before your current temporary authorization expires, you can extend your status by obtaining a bridging open work permit (BOWP) or a visitor extension, for example.
What are the risks of not maintaining your status
If you do not maintain your status, you may be required to leave Canada. You may also be ineligible to re-apply for a work permit or study permit. In addition, if you have already been working in Canada on a work permit, or if you are continuing your studies in Canada on a study permit, you may no longer be able to work or study in Canada.
What happens if I leave Canada on maintained status
Temporary Residents on a Work Permit
You can continue to work under the same conditions as your existing permit in which you arrived in Canada if you are on maintained status as a worker. If you depart Canada while on maintained status as a worker, you will not be able to work in Canada again until your new work permit is granted.
Temporary Residents on a Study Permit
If you are a student who has recently been granted maintained status, you may continue studying, and working if appropriate, until your new study permit is available. You will not be allowed to study in Canada upon returning to Canada if you depart while on implied status as a student.
The only exemption is if you are a minor studying at the primary or secondary school level, in which case, you may study without a permit. You will not be permitted to study until you obtain your new study permit if you are over 18 and/or studying at the post-secondary level
Temporary Residents on a Visitor Visa
If you're in Canada as a tourist, you can't work or study. You will return to Canada as a visitor the next time you enter if you leave while on implied status as a visitor.
The duration you can stay as a visitor is reset each time you re-enter Canada as a tourist. While the CBSA determines how long you can remain when you enter, most visitors are given the full six months permitted to visit Canada.
There are no consequences for leaving Canada while on implied status as a visitor.
Conclusion
Ensuring you have maintained status is important because it allows you to continue working, studying, or visiting Canada. If you do not maintain your status, you may be required to leave Canada and may be ineligible to re-apply for a work permit or study permit. Make sure to apply for maintained status before your temporary residency status expires.
We hope you liked our post on what is maintained status. If you need any help with your status or application get in contact.
Bridging Open Work Permit
How does the Bridging Open Work Permit work?
A Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP) is a visa which allows a temporary resident whose current work permit is expiring and who has previously applied for permanent residency, to continue working in Canada while awaiting the decision of their permanent residence application.
Who is eligible?
Not every permanent residence program qualifies for a BOWP, the permanent residence programs which are eligible for a BOWP are as follows:
How does maintained status work?
In the occurrence of a temporary resident who has applied for an extension of their Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) but has not yet received a decision from IRCC prior to the end date shown on their current TRV, the period of their stay is extended by law until a decision is made.
Whilst a temporary resident is on implied status (waiting for a decision after their TRV has expired) they still have the right to remain in Canada and continue to work. This only applies to a temporary resident who remains inside Canada, therefore, as soon as they leave Canada during this period, their implied status is no longer in effect upon their return, and consequently, they will lose their privileges.
Express Entry requirements
- Live in Canada (except in Quebec)
- Have a valid work permit that expires in 4 months or less
- Be the principle applicant on their permanent residence application
- Have submitted a complete application for permanent residence and passed the completeness check
- Have been sent an acknowledgment of receipt (AOR) letter in their account from IRCC to acknowledge that a permanent residence application has been received
Provincial Nominee requirements
- Live in Canada (except in Quebec)
- Have a valid work permit that expires in 4 months or less
- Be the principle applicant on their permanent residence application
- Have no employment restrictions as a condition of your nomination
- Be approved in principle for permanent residence
- Have submitted a complete application for permanent residence and passed the completeness check (online only)
- Have been sent an acknowledgment of receipt (AOR) letter in their account from IRCC to acknowledge that a permanent residence application has been received (online only)
Home Child-Care requirements
- Live in Canada (except in Quebec)
- Be approved in principle for permanent residence
- Proof of 24 months of qualifying work experience
Meet one of the following criteria:
- Have a valid work permit
- Be on implied status
- Be eligible for restoration
Home Support Worker requirements
- Live in Canada (except in Quebec)
- Be approved in principle for permanent residence
- Proof of 24 months of qualifying work experience
Meet one of the following criteria:
- Have a valid work permit
- Be on implied status
- Be eligible for restoration
Agri-Food Pilot requirements
- Live in Canada (except in Quebec)
- Have a valid work permit that expires in 4 months or less
- Be the principle applicant on their permanent residence application
- Be approved in principle for permanent residence
If a temporary resident has applied for a BOWP before their current work permit expires but has not yet received their BOWP then they will be considered to have implied status.
Post Graduation Work Permit
How does a Post Graduation Work Permit work?
A Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) was designed for students who have graduated from an eligible post-secondary Canadian Designated Learning Institution (DLI). These students can apply for and obtain an Open work permit (LMIA exempt) in order to achieve valuable Canadian work experience.
Additionally, skilled Canadian work experience gained through a PGWP can lead to further opportunities, such as permanent residency through the Express Entry program under the Canadian Experience Class.
Who is eligible?
Graduates applying for a PGWP before the expiry date of their study permit, can work full-time while waiting for a decision on their application. For a student to benefit from this, they must meet the entirety of the following criteria:
- They are or were holders of a valid study permit at the time of the post-graduation work permit application
- They were a full-time student enrolled at a DLI that offers a PGWP in a post-secondary academic, vocational or professional training program. (Distance learning is eligible if it was less than 50% of the program)
- They were authorized to work off-campus without a work permit
- They did not exceed the allowable hours of work
What can I do with this visa?
A PGWP is an Open work permit (not job-specific) which allows graduates to:
- Work full-time
- Work part-time
- Be self-employed
- Work in any province
- Work for any employer
How long is the Work Permit valid for?
A PGWP is generally issued for the same length of the study program for people who studied in programs of more than 8 months (the minimum), but under 2 years in length. For programs of 2 years or longer, the PGWP may be issued for 3 years (the maximum).
When should I apply?
Students must apply within 180 days after either their final marks are issued to them or written confirmation of their completed studies, they must also have or have had a valid study permit at some point during these 180 days.
Whether a student has to apply for their PGWP from inside or outside Canada will depend on their current status.
Students must be aware that they are only eligible for one PGWP in their lifetime.
Labour Market Impact Assessment
What is a Labour Market Impact Assessment?
In very simple terms, a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) is a document which you need to obtain from Employment Social Development Canada (ESDC) to prove that there are no Canadian citizens or permanent residents available to be hired for the job that you are looking to fill. For this reason, you need a positive LMIA decision in order to hire temporary foreign workers.
Generally, a foreign national wishing to work in Canada in an occupation that requires a work permit should apply for an LMIA from ESDC if the occupation demands one. A foreign worker does not need a LMIA if they are the holder of a valid Open Work Permit or are LMIA exempt, otherwise, a positive LMIA will be required.
Don’t let the complexities of the LMIA process hold you back from hiring foreign workers.
Let's get started
Who can apply?
Only a Canadian employer may make an application for an LMIA to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). ESDC will issue a LMIA to an employer if it is confirmed that there is a need for a temporary foreign worker to fill labour and skill shortages and there are no Canadians or permanent residents available to do the job. The LMIA application process depends on the type of program you are applying for, these include:
Employer proof
The employer must receive the approval from ESDC by way of a positive LMIA before an offer of employment can be extended to the foreign worker. The employer must demonstrate to ESDC that:
- The job offer is genuine
- The job will have a neutral or positive effect on the Canadian Labour Market
- The minimum job advertisement duration has been met
- The minimum recruitment requirements have been met
- No Canadian citizens or permanent residents are available to fill the position
Once the positive LMIA has been issued, the temporary foreign worker can then apply for a work permit supported by the LMIA.
Job posting location
The first step to completing an LMIA application is the requirement to post your job vacancy on at least three different advertising platforms for a minimum of four consecutive weeks within the three months prior to submitting the application. These platforms could consist of employment websites (general, classified and specialized), local newspapers, community resource centres, local stores, employment centres, places of worship, and job fairs, just to name a few.
There are a few mandatory rules which an employer must follow:
- Advertising on the Government of Canada’s Job Bank;
The other additional method of recruitment must target a different underrepresented group, these are:
- Indigenous Persons
- Vulnerable Youth
- Newcomers*
- Persons with Disabilities
* Please note that popular employment websites, such as Indeed, Kijiji or Trabajo, are not classed as specifically targeting newcomers as these are worldwide employment sites, therefore, they don’t target a specific audience, even though a large percentage of newcomers will commonly use these sites when seeking employment.
Struggling to find employees in Canada?
Finding the right employees to support the growth and success of your business in Canada can be a real challenge. At Wild Mountain Immigration, we understand this struggle and can help you navigate it.
Temporary foreign workers wages
Employers must pay the employee the prevailing wage. This is classed as the highest of either:
- The median wage found on the Job Bank, or
- The wage that is within the wage range that you are paying your current employees hired for the same job and work location, and with the same skills and years of experience.
- Employers have to follow a list of job advertising information that must be shown on all of their postings. Information includes; required qualifications, skills and experience, wages, duties, location (includes full address) and contact details.
Length of advertisement
If you're looking to hire foreign workers, you'll need to advertise the position for a minimum of 4 consecutive weeks. This ensures that Canadians have a fair chance to apply for the job.
There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as if the position is classified as a senior executive or if the worker is already employed by the company and is being transferred to a new location. In these cases, employers can submit a shortened advertising period along with their LMIA application.
Once the advertising period has ended, employers can review the applications and choose the most qualified candidate.
- The median wage found on the Job Bank, or
- The wage that is within the wage range that you are paying your current employees hired for the same job and work location, and with the same skills and years of experience.
- Employers have to follow a list of job advertising information that must be shown on all of their postings. Information includes; required qualifications, skills and experience, wages, duties, location (includes full address) and contact details.
Top recommendations for employers
- Use at least 5-6 different methods of recruitment (including the Job Bank), and within these postings, target at least 3 out of the 4 defined underrepresented groups. Therefore, if one method of recruitment does not meet the requirement standards set by ESDC, you still have other postings available in order to meet these requirements.
- Make sure all job postings read the same information. Being consistent is a key factor in not only meeting the job advertisement information requirements, but it also determines that the job posting is valid by targeting an audience that has the appropriate education, professional experience and/or skill level required for the occupation.
- It is mandatory for an employer to invite all job seekers who rate 2-stars or more within the first 30 days of the job posting start date on Job Bank, however, I would recommend to invite all job seekers who have a profile rating of at least 2-stars within the first week and every seven days after that until the four consecutive weeks have been reached.
- Doing this will not only prove that you are actively looking for prospective employees but you can also monitor the amount of anonymous job seekers who match your job prerequisites for your advertised position.
- An Activity Report generated by Job Bank shows this data which has to be included as evidence of your recruitment efforts in your LMIA application submission.
- Continuing on from the previous point, another requirement is that at least one of the job advertisements must be ongoing (after the four consecutive weeks have been reached) until a decision has been made on your LMIA application. As I mentioned, Job Bank provides you with an Activity Report, therefore, I would suggest that you keep this advertisement running as you can easily prove your continuing recruitment efforts using this report.
- In every LMIA application, every employer has to provide evidence in support of their recruitment activities. This evidence should provide information on when, where and for how long the position was advertised. If using online platforms, I would recommend taking a screenshot of the advertisement being posted (showing the start date) and taking another screenshot after the mandatory four weeks. If postings expire after a certain length of time and can no longer be searched and found anymore, you could miss the opportunity to be able to provide evidence of the compulsory information - when, where and length of time.
International Experience Class
How to work in Canada?
The main objective of launching the IEC is to provide foreign nationals from participating countries who are between the ages of 18-35 (30 in some countries) with the opportunity to travel and work in Canada. There are 3 categories under the IEC program, these are:
If you are eligible for at least one of the programs mentioned above, you will be placed into one or more pools of IEC candidates and be notified of this movement by receiving a message in your online account.
Working Holiday
This option is appealing for candidates who want to both travel around Canada and find temporary work to fund their vacation.
The type of work permit granted is an Open Work Permit which allows you to:
- Work without the need for a job offer
- Work for more than one employer in Canada
- Work in more than one location
- Work most jobs available in Canada
Young Professionals
This category focuses on people who wish to gain Canadian professional work experience to better compete in a global economy.
The type of work permit granted is an Employer-Specific Work Permit, this means you have to:
- Have a job offer in Canada that contributes towards your professional development
- Work for the same employer in the same specified location throughout your stay in Canada
It is required that you are employed in a paid position and not self-employed.
In addition to your employer meeting all labour laws in the province/territory you plan to work in, the job being offered must be classified as Skill Type Level 0, A or B in accordance to the National Occupational Classification (NOC). Under certain circumstances, a NOC C job might be accepted if you can provide evidence of successfully completing post-secondary education with your work permit application submission.
International Co-op (Internship)
This stream offers aspiring candidates to gain valuable work experience related to their field of study.
The eligibility requirements include:
- You are a student registered at a post-secondary institution
- You have a job offer for a work placement or internship in Canada
- It is necessary that you need to complete this work placement or internship to complete your studies
- The internship you are offered in Canada must be directly linked to your field of studies
The type of work permit granted is an Employer-Specific Work Permit, this means you have to:
- Work for the same employer in the same specified location throughout your stay in Canada
Your employer must meet all labour laws in the province/territory you plan to work in, with the labour code of the province or territory determining whether an internship needs to be paid or not.
Eligibility requirements
IEC requirements vary from country to country. Depending on your country of citizenship, you may be able to participate twice in the IEC program, however, you can only participate once under each category (that your country allows), therefore, you can be found eligible under a different pool.
Candidates are not eligible to include their dependents on their IEC application.
- You must be a citizen from one of the countries that has an agreement with Canada in which allows you to apply for an IEC work permit
- You must meet the eligibility requirements for both your country of citizenship and the IEC pool in which you are applying for
What is the process?
To apply under any of the IEC streams you must follow these steps:
Step 1
Answer questions related to the 3 IEC streams to determine if they meet the criteria for one or more pools
Step 2
Meet the eligibility requirements and become a candidate in one or more of the IEC pools
Step 3
Proceed to create a (free) online IEC profile
Step 4
Once their profile is complete, they can submit their profile to any of the indicated pools that are available to them
Step 5
Wait for an invitation to apply (ITA)
Step 6
Once an ITA has been received, they can then start and submit a work permit application through their online account within a set number of days
Step 7
Pay the required program fees
Step 8
Continue to check the status of their application for updates and confirmation of approved application